【故事】三一集团总工程师易小刚：真正的科学家无惧“卡脖子”

“‘卡脖子’的技术，别人不会给，全靠自己突破，只有这样才能把饭碗牢牢端在自己手里。”日前，荣获“国家卓越工程师奖”的三一集团执行总裁兼总工程师易小刚在接受中华工商时报记者采访时说。

20多年来，作为三一集团技术创新关键人物，易小刚带领团队完成泵车“混凝土高压泵送、超长臂架设计、核心液压部件”三项“卡脖子”技术的突破，创下并至今保持着单泵垂直泵送的世界纪录，摘得“世界泵王”桂冠，为我国混凝土高压泵送技术及相关配套产业跻身世界强林书写“中国奇迹”。

一、临危受命，锚定“振兴民族工业”

20世纪90年代初，超高层、长距离混凝土泵送技术被国外垄断，进口一台泵车需要600万元人民币，建设一项大型混凝土浇筑工程，不仅要请国外专家指导施工，还得交出昂贵的技术服务费。国内施工仍采用的是最原始的手推、肩抬、塔吊等传统方式，施工效率低，质量难以保证。

1995年春，成立不久的三一集团混凝土泵市场和拖泵核心产品液压控制系统被国外“卡脖子”。当时，面临两种选择，要么任人宰割忍辱生存；要么奋发图强，突破重围。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

“一定要拥有自己的技术，摆脱‘卡脖子’，振兴民族工业。”三一集团董事长梁稳根不断向国家机械研发部门求援。

彼时的易小刚已是一名权威液压专家，任北京机械工业自动化研究所主任，先后参与和主持开发的注塑成形机、液压抽油机项目，分别获得原机械工业部等单位授予的科技进步二等奖。

1995年9月，易小刚以北京机械工业自动化研究所技术专家的身份，来到泥泞遍地的长沙县星沙镇，帮助解决拖泵核心产品液压控制系统问题。

之后，深感“民族工业振兴之艰难”的易小刚毅然放弃北京优越的工作和生活条件，加入不到20人的研发团队。

临危受命。易小刚在与技术团队见面的第一句话就是：“舒舒服服实现不了技术突破，科技报国是我们这一代人的使命与责任。” CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

为早出成果，易小刚为自己制定新的作息时间表，每天7：15到达办公室，7：30召开晨会，8：10至8：45讨论新产品研发，9：00到9：45参加日调度会……准时开始，到点熔断。

然而，自古英雄多磨难。在这里，易小刚白天与泥浆泵车相伴，夜晚枕着技术数据同眠。半年来，他虽然解决了泵送高度低的问题，但泵送压力低的瓶颈始终没能突破。

功夫不负有心人。易小刚发现，混凝土泵送的高低压切换要靠接不同的管道，他设计了一个90度自由旋转的阀门，根据不同需要进行切换，泵送压力低的难题迎刃而解。

由此，三一集团拥有了自己的第一个专利——集流阀。

1995年底，三一集团第一台60A型号拖泵下线。2002年，三一集团拖泵封顶406米香港国际金融中心，被誉为“中国泵王”，至此，我国彻底摆脱该项目国外技术垄断局面。

2007年12月，三一集团拥有15项核心技术的66米长臂泵车被载入吉尼斯世界纪录，而后又刷新了72米、86米泵车的世界纪录。

二、哪里“卡脖子”，就从哪里下手

工程机械领域所用的钢材，抗压强度需达到1400兆瓦至1500兆瓦之间，而当时国内技术只能批量生产800-900兆瓦抗压强度的钢材。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

随着三一集团产品市场占有率的不断提高，国外厂家为了打压三一集团泵送技术，全部断供抗压强度高的钢材，原材料“卡脖子”迫使三一集团“委曲求全”。

“高强度钢材危机，再次让三一集团处在生存或灭亡的边缘。”易小刚再一次挑起“卡脖子”技术攻坚克难的重担。

心里有光的人，脚下就一定有路。易小刚不是学材料的，但科学家使命必达的精神，让他风雨无阻、日夜兼程。自从领了任务，易小刚就把自己关在实验室，翻资料、做实验，直到选定了一个叫20锰钛硼的材料，让他眼前一亮。

那一个月里，易小刚始终守在炼钢炉边，经过40多天的连续实验，硬是把符合强度需要的材料给做了出来。

随后，易小刚又花了一年半时间测试，终于完成高强度钢材的批量生产。目前，三一集团进口一吨高强度钢材需要28000元，自己生产一吨约7000元。制造一台泵车约需20吨左右钢材，按照一年生产6000台泵车计算，可节省24个亿。

易小刚告诉记者：“对真正的科学家而言，是没有‘卡脖子’难关的，只要你背水一战，就一定能在黑暗中看见光明。”

“哪里‘卡脖子’了，就从哪里下手。每一次解决一个‘卡脖子’的难关，心里会莫名的欣慰。”易小刚说。

三、让“中国制造”闪耀世界

2024年2月1日，三一集团长沙18号工厂的生产车间里，机器人在硕大的厂房中来回穿梭，黄色的机械臂在飞快地焊接零部件，两台自动导引运输车（AGV）穿梭在各作业区之间自动上下料。

2022年10月，三一集团18号工厂成功入选世界经济论坛全球制造业领域“灯塔工厂”名单，至此，三一集团拥有重工行业仅有的2家“灯塔工厂”。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

此前的2021年10月，易小刚和研发团队夜以继日一起解决了众多具体而微的难题，带领三一集团北京桩机工厂入选世界经济论坛全球制造业领域“灯塔工厂”，成为工程机械行业首个建成的“灯塔工厂”。

“灯塔工厂”项目由达沃斯世界经济论坛与管理咨询公司麦肯锡合作开展遴选，被誉为“世界上最先进的工厂”，具有榜样意义的“数字化制造”和“全球化4.0”示范者，代表当今全球制造业领域智能制造和数字化最高水平。

全球现有“灯塔工厂”153座，中国拥有62座，超过了欧洲制造业传统强国，成为世界最多。以“灯塔工厂”为参照的中国制造，闪耀在世界舞台。

2019年，易小刚积极投身到数字化制造的浪潮中，担负起三一集团“灯塔工厂”建设的重任。

对三一集团而言，“灯塔工厂”建设的第一步就是对工程机械生产车间进行电脑数据化管理，同时，要实现生产车间下料、机加、涂装的自动化、智能化，让巨大而笨重的结构件自动组对焊接。

至今，三一集团拥有已经过“灯塔工厂”标准化改造的近50座数字化工厂，与改造前相比，产能提升123%，人员效率提升98%，单位制造成本降低29%。

如今，三一集团这些数字化车间，被称为“最聪明的厂房”，代表着全球智能制造的最高水平。

目前，易小刚带领团队再次进军新能源技术领域。他认为，在“双碳”目标背景下，新能源领域是未来发展方向。

在易小刚看来，一位卓越的工程师只有不断地在前沿技术上孜孜以求，不断适应企业在国际舞台上的竞争，不断更新自身的知识体系，才能对得起卓越工程师的称谓。

多年来，易小刚主持和指导21个系列120多个规格产品开发，突破多项“卡脖子”关键技术，开发出一大批世界领先的核心产品，使三一集团成为国际化大企业，相关产品成为国内第一品牌，市场占有率多年稳居第一，被称为“世界高度”创造者。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

显然，这是技术的胜利，也是工程师的胜利。

正因为贡献卓越，易小刚也被誉为三一集团的“首席科学家”。

“每个优秀的人，都有一段沉默的时光。那段时光，是付出很多努力却得不到结果的日子，我们把它叫作‘扎根’。”这是易小刚最近写给追随他近30年团队的寄语，这也成为他和团队在科研领域最孤苦、最煎熬、最迷茫时的指路明灯。他们一个个正在逐渐成长为新一代的卓越工程师，接续绘就中国制造漂洋过海的恢宏画卷。

国家卓越工程师，不需要华丽的词汇来包装，数据足以说明一切。易小刚故事的背后，是一代科学家对“民族工业振兴”深厚的爱。

翻译：

Yi Xiaogang, Chief engineer of Sany Group: Real scientists are not afraid of “stuck neck”

“The technology of ‘jamming the neck’ will not be given by others, and it is only in this way that we can firmly put the rice bowl in our own hands.” Recently, Yi Xiaogang, executive president and chief engineer of Sany Group, who won the “National Excellent Engineer Award”, said in an interview with the China Business Times. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

Over the past 20 years, as a key figure in technological innovation of Sany Group, Yi Xiaogang has led the team to complete the breakthrough of three “stuck neck” technologies of “concrete high-pressure pumping, ultra-long boom design and core hydraulic components” of the pump truck, which has set and maintained the world record of single pump vertical pumping and won the title of “World Pump King”. For China’s high pressure concrete pumping technology and related supporting industries among the world’s strong forest to write a “Chinese miracle”.

First, under the mandate of the crisis, anchor the “revitalization of national industry”

In the early 1990s, super high-rise, long-distance concrete pumping technology was monopolized by foreign countries, the import of a pump truck needs 6 million yuan, the construction of a large concrete pouring project, not only to invite foreign experts to guide the construction, but also to surrender expensive technical service fees. Domestic construction is still the most original hand push, shoulder lift, tower crane and other traditional ways, the construction efficiency is low, the quality is difficult to guarantee.

In the spring of 1995, the newly established Sany Group concrete pump market and the hydraulic control system of the core product of the tow pump were “stuck” by foreign countries. At that time, faced with two choices, either to be slaughtered and endure humiliation; Or work hard and break through.

“We must have our own technology, get rid of the ‘stuck neck’ and revitalize national industry.” Sany Group chairman Liang Wengen constantly to the national machinery research and development department for assistance.

At that time, Yi Xiaogang is already an authoritative hydraulic expert, as the director of the Beijing Machinery Industry Automation Research Institute, has participated in and presided over the development of injection molding machine, hydraulic pumping unit projects, respectively, won the former Ministry of machinery Industry and other units awarded the second prize of scientific and technological progress.

In September 1995, Yi Xiaogang, as a technical expert of Beijing Machinery Industry Automation Research Institute, came to the muddy Xingsha town of Changsha County to help solve the hydraulic control system problem of the core product of the tow pump.

After that, Yi Xiaogang, deeply feeling the “difficulties of national industrial revitalization”, resolutely gave up the superior working and living conditions in Beijing and joined a research and development team of less than 20 people. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

Received an order at a time of crisis. Yi Xiaogang’s first words in meeting with the technical team were: “Technological breakthroughs can not be achieved comfortably, and science and technology is the mission and responsibility of our generation.”

In order to achieve early results, Yi Xiaogang made a new schedule for himself, arriving at the office at 7:15 every day, holding a morning meeting at 7:30, discussing new product development from 8:10 to 8:45, and attending the daily scheduling meeting from 9:00 to 9:45. Start on time. Fuse on time.

However, since ancient times, heroes often suffer. Here, Yi Xiaogang accompanied the mud pump truck during the day, and slept with technical data at night. In the past six months, although he has solved the problem of low pumping height, the bottleneck of low pumping pressure has not been able to break through. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

Hard work pays off to those who wait. Yi Xiaogang found that the high and low pressure switch of concrete pumping depends on connecting different pipelines, and he designed a 90-degree free rotation valve to switch according to different needs, and the problem of low pumping pressure was solved.

As a result, SANY Group has its first patent – collector valve.

At the end of 1995, SANY Group’s first 60A tractor pump rolled off the production line. In 2002, SANY Group’s pump capped 406 meters of Hong Kong International Financial Center, known as “China’s pump king”, so far, China completely rid of the project foreign technology monopoly situation.

In December 2007, SANY Group’s 66-meter long arm pump with 15 core technologies was entered into the Guinness World Records, and then renewed the world record for 72-meter and 86-meter pump trucks.

Second, where the “neck”, where to start

The steel used in the field of construction machinery needs to reach the compressive strength of 1400 MW to 1500 MW, and at that time the domestic technology can only mass produce 800-900 MW of steel with compressive strength.

With the continuous improvement of the market share of Sany Group’s products, foreign manufacturers in order to suppress Sany Group’s pumping technology, all the steel with high compressive strength is cut off, and the raw material “jam neck” forces Sany Group to “bend”.

“The high-strength steel crisis has once again put Sany on the brink of survival or demise.” Yi Xiaogang once again stirred up the burden of “jam neck” technical breakthrough.

Those who have light in their hearts must have a road under their feet. Yi Xiaogang is not learning materials, but the spirit of the scientist’s mission will be reached, so that he can travel day and night, rain or shine. Since taking the task, Yi Xiaogang shut himself in the laboratory, turning over information and doing experiments until he selected a material called 20 manganese titanium boron, which made his eyes shine. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

In that month, Yi Xiaogang always kept at the edge of the steel furnace, and after more than 40 days of continuous experiments, he simply made the materials that met the needs of strength.

Subsequently, Yi Xiaogang spent another year and a half testing, and finally completed the mass production of high-strength steel. At present, Sany Group needs 28,000 yuan to import a ton of high-strength steel, and produces a ton of its own about 7,000 yuan. The manufacture of a pump truck requires about 20 tons of steel, according to the production of 6,000 pump trucks a year, can save 2.4 billion.

Yi Xiaogang told reporters: “For real scientists, there is no ‘card neck’ difficulties, as long as you fight against the odds, you will be able to see the light in the dark.”

“Where the ‘neck’, where to start. Every time I solve a difficult problem, I feel relieved.” Yi Xiaogang said.

Third, let “Made in China” shine in the world

On February 1, 2024, in the production workshop of Sany Group’s Changsha No. 18 factory, robots shuttled back and forth in the huge factory building, yellow robotic arms were rapidly welding parts, and two automated guided transport vehicles (AGVs) shuttled between each operation area to automatically load and load materials. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

In October 2022, Sany Group’s No. 18 factory was successfully selected into the list of “lighthouse factories” in the World Economic Forum’s global manufacturing field, so far, Sany Group has the only two “lighthouse factories” in the heavy industry.

In October 2021, Yi Xiaogang and the R&D team worked day and night to solve many concrete problems together, leading the Sany Group’s Beijing pile machine factory to be selected as the “lighthouse factory” in the World Economic Forum’s global manufacturing field, and becoming the first “lighthouse factory” built in the construction machinery industry.

The “Lighthouse Factory” project was selected by the World Economic Forum in Davos in cooperation with management consulting firm McKinsey, and is hailed as “the most advanced factory in the world”, a model of “digital manufacturing” and “Globalization 4.0” demonstration, representing the highest level of intelligent manufacturing and digitalization in today’s global manufacturing industry.

There are 153 “lighthouse factories” in the world, and China has 62, surpassing the traditional manufacturing power of Europe and becoming the world’s most. Made in China with the “lamp factory” as a reference, shining on the world stage. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

In 2019, Yi Xiaogang actively participated in the wave of digital manufacturing and took on the heavy responsibility of building the “lighthouse factory” of Sany Group.

For Sany Group, the first step in the construction of “Lighthouse factory” is to carry out computer data management of the construction machinery production workshop, at the same time, to achieve the automation and intelligence of the production workshop feeding, machine adding and painting, so that the huge and heavy structural parts can be welded automatically.

So far, Sany Group has been through the “lighthouse factory” standardized transformation of nearly 50 digital factories, compared with before the transformation, production capacity increased by 123%, personnel efficiency increased by 98%, unit manufacturing costs reduced by 29%.

Today, these digital workshops of Sany Group, known as the “smartest factory”, represent the highest level of intelligent manufacturing in the world.

At present, Yi Xiaogang led the team to enter the field of new energy technology again. He believes that in the context of the “double carbon” goal, the new energy field is the future development direction.

In Yi Xiaogang’s view, an excellent engineer can live up to the title of excellent engineer only by constantly striving for cutting-edge technologies, constantly adapting to the competition of enterprises in the international arena, and constantly updating their own knowledge system.

Over the years, Yi Xiaogang presided over and guided the development of 21 series of more than 120 specifications of products, broke through a number of “jam neck” key technologies, developed a large number of world-leading core products, making Sany Group an international large enterprise, related products become the first brand in China, market share has been ranked first for many years, known as the “world height” creator.

Clearly, this is a win for technology and a win for engineers.

Because of his outstanding contributions, Yi Xiaogang is also known as the “chief scientist” of Sany Group. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

“Every good person has a moment of silence. It was a time when there was a lot of effort and no result. We called it ‘putting down roots.’” This is Yi Xiaogang’s recent message to the team that has followed him for nearly 30 years, which has also become the guiding light for him and his team when they are most lonely, suffering and confused in the field of scientific research. One by one, they are gradually growing into a new generation of excellent engineers, continuing to draw the magnificent picture of Chinese manufacturing across the sea.

The National outstanding engineer does not need to be packaged with gorgeous words, the data is enough to speak for itself. Behind Yi Xiaogang’s story is a generation of scientists’ deep love for “national industrial revitalization.”

由CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）转载而成，来源于中华工商时报；编辑/翻译：CXO UNIONCXO联盟小U。

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