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\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u514b\u52b3\u65af\uff1a<\/strong>\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u8c08\u8bba\u4e86\u5b83\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8c08\u5230\u7684\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u503c\u5f97\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7eb3\u5fb7\u62c9\uff1a<\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u8bba\u4e86\u5f88\u591aAI\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982AI\u5bf9\u77e5\u8bc6\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u66f4\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u662f<strong>AI\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u52a9\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\uff0c\u5fae\u8f6f\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u2014\u2014MatterGen\uff0c\u80fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u9896\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6311\u6218\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u6240\u9700\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u832b\u832b\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u4e0d\u505c\u7b5b\u9009\u5bfb\u627e\u6240\u9700\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u800cMatterGen\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u6210\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8bae\u3002<strong>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u80fd\u6e90\u8f6c\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u6709AI\u52a9\u529b\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5c06\u9700\u8981250\u5e74\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7f29\u77ed\u5230\u4e8625\u5e74\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u764c\u75c7\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528AI\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u5206\u5b50\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5408\u7406\u8fd0\u7528AI\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5b83\u5728\u52a0\u901f\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<strong>\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u9769\u547d\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u52a9\u529b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u52a0\u901f\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u672a\u6765\u5728\u6cbb\u6108\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u8f6c\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u6750\u6599\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e30\u7855\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u514b\u52b3\u65af\uff1a<\/strong>\u73b0\u5728\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5728\u8ba8\u8bbaAI\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6539\u53d8\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd8\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff1f<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-body-text-color\">  CXO 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style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-body-text-color\">  CXO 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class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/cxounion.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/CXOUNION\u65b0\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Microsoft CEO: The prosperity brought by AI is no less than the popularization of PCS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The future may be the integration of computer, AI, and mixed reality to create an innovation platform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;The development of AI has given us the most natural user interface &#8211; one that allows the computer to understand us rather than us understanding the computer.&#8221; Said Microsoft CEO Nadella.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently, Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella (hereinafter referred to as &#8220;Nadella&#8221;) attended the World Economic Forum 2024, and accepted the chairman of the World Economic Forum, German economist Klaus Schwab (hereinafter referred to as &#8220;Klaus&#8221;) interview, The two had an in-depth discussion on the development of AI. Nadella repeatedly stressed the necessity and security of the development of artificial intelligence (AI), the impact of the AI revolution is even no less than the original PC (personal computer) popularity, and with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, AI will provide new interfaces and new models for applications, Microsoft saw the opportunity to participate, which will bring new economic prosperity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On January 12, Microsoft&#8217;s share price rose 1.19% to $393.08, and by the end of the day, Microsoft&#8217;s market value had reached $2.94 trillion, surpassing Apple to become the world&#8217;s most valuable company. However, Nadella was not impressed by the milestone, &#8220;The stock price is the last thing to pay attention to, especially for our industry, the stock price has almost no meaning for what will happen tomorrow, and the question we all have to face is whether we can bet everything on what will happen next.&#8221; He rates stock prices as a &#8220;lagging indicator.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the energy and environmental pressure brought about by the massive use of AI, Nadella gave his own unique insight, he believes that with the continuous development of technology, the cost of AI use is constantly decreasing, and AI&#8217;s consumption of energy will stimulate energy transformation and activate the exploration of new energy technologies. At the same time, for the AI security issue that has been emphasized, Nadella bluntly said that this is a challenge facing all mankind, and global governance norms need to be formulated.<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-body-text-color\">  CXO UNION-CXO\u8054\u76df\uff08cxounion.cn\uff09<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The highlights are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The advent of ChatGPT in 2022 is also a landmark event, which means that ordinary people can already connect with AI.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When we think about the energy transition, having AI means reducing chemical reactions that take 250 years to 25.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>I think the future may be the integration of computer, AI and mixed reality to create an innovation platform.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>We need new technologies as well as safety belts. Only by combining innovation and safety can we expand the social benefits of technological development and restrain the adverse consequences brought by technological development.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In my 32 years at Microsoft, I have been privileged to witness three major technological revolutions: PC, Internet, mobile Internet and cloud technology, and AI is now the fourth.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>The following is the full text of the interview, with changes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. AI help: 250 years of chemical reactions shortened to 25 years<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Krause: Generative AI was in its infancy a year ago, and now it&#8217;s a teenager. It&#8217;s incredible how much has changed in such a short period of time. What do you think about the rapid development of generative AI?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: I still remember the shock of Mosaic when it came out in 1993, and the Internet has changed dramatically since then. So the advent of ChatGPT in 2022 is also a landmark event, its appearance means that ordinary people can already connect with AI. Since then, AI has developed rapidly in every region, every industry, and every field, and it is clear to me once again that something is changing the world, and AI can help people do their jobs better in every industry, such as the introduction of Copilot (Microsoft&#8217;s AI assistant in Windows 11) to help programmers program. Take the drudgedness out of programming, and there&#8217;s Copilot in healthcare, which can reduce communication barriers between doctors and patients. Let all professional knowledge become accessible, ordinary people can use these knowledge and skills even if they have not studied systematically, I think this is the meaning of AI, and in 2024 I think AI&#8217;s influence and penetration will increase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krause: There was a lot of talk at this conference about AI, about its impact on human jobs, its impact on industry and, as we&#8217;ll talk about later, its impact on productivity, so what else do you think we missed that was worth talking about?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: We talked a lot about the specific issues of the relationship between AI and humans, such as the impact of AI on knowledge production and human work. But I&#8217;m actually more interested in how AI can contribute to scientific research, which is a very interesting field.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not long ago, Microsoft launched a new generation of big models in materials science &#8211; MatterGen, which can design and generate novel, stable materials. The core challenge of materials science today is to find the materials with the desired properties. We usually sift through the vast pool of materials to find the materials we need, and MatterGen can directly generate the specific materials we need, which is incredible. When we think about the energy transition, having AI to help us reduce the chemical reaction that takes 250 years to 25 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The changes brought about by science and technology also apply to biology. In cancer detection, for example, we can use AI to model molecular behavior. So if we can properly use AI tools, we can feel that it is accelerating the development of scientific research. Currently, the digital revolution has brought tools to scientific research, but if it can fundamentally accelerate the development of science, then the future will be rich in curing diseases, energy transformation, and the discovery of new materials.<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-body-text-color\">  CXO UNION-CXO\u8054\u76df\uff08cxounion.cn\uff09<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kraus: Everyone is talking about AI, but there are many other technologies that will change the world in the fourth Industrial Revolution. What other technologies do you think have had a profound impact on society?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: I&#8217;m very interested in three technologies: computers, AI and mixed reality. First we need more core computing infrastructure. The previous generation of devices still ruled the market, but the question is can we have a new quantum revolution? I am very interested in quantum, and maybe we can use AI as a simulation layer to conduct quantum simulation in the future, bringing a new quantum revolution. I&#8217;m also interested in mixed reality, and when I think about embedded AI, I think about whether it&#8217;s a sensor on us, which is kind of like an AR or VR device. I think the future may be the integration of computer, AI and mixed reality three technologies to create an innovation platform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. AI security: Global challenges require global responses<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Krauss: When we look back in history, the emergence of similar technologies like printing brought about the Renaissance, can these technologies, like printing, create the next &#8220;Renaissance&#8221; for mankind?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: It&#8217;s an honor to be here at this forum and to have the opportunity to speak to people from retail, medicine, banking, and even various sectors of the economy and say, &#8220;Digital technologies are being used all over the world.&#8221; This means that AI has become a general technology, and when the general technology breaks through, the industry boundary will become blurred, and we will have better medical, education, life products and services, and richer creative motivation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Klaus: Non-developed countries are worried that these advanced technologies will become a new technological barrier for them to face the world, and even increase international tension. Do you share this concern?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: That&#8217;s something to be concerned about. We don&#8217;t want technology to be used to create more division. We want technology to bring more beauty. For example, GPT-4 can provide dedicated tutors for students around the world. AI gives everyone access to better medical advice and helps everyone better access the local government to fully exercise their rights. These technologies have great potential and face many obstacles, but the good news is that thanks to the popularity of cloud technology and mobile Internet over the past 15 years, this generation of technologies will spread faster and cover the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krause: People may be pessimistic and even fearful about the rapid development of technology. What do we need to do to ensure that we are moving in the right direction? What would you suggest?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: The biggest lesson we&#8217;ve learned in the digital technology industry is that we have to live with any consequences, good or bad, that come with the development of new technologies. The most important change in the last decade is that the world no longer tolerates anyone doing work that is not safely verified. However, I remain optimistic about the development of technology, as the industry is already calling for improved security. For example, before AI was released, Microsoft and OpenAI worked on alignment (in large models, alignment usually refers to adjusting the model&#8217;s behavior in a predetermined direction that is consistent with human values). A lot of money and effort has been put into working with security, in fact, all of the big AI model companies are doing this now. Our emphasis on security has influenced not only the industry, but also the government, with both the US government and the UK government exploring the safety of AI and specific measures to regulate AI. We need new technologies as well as safety belts. Only by combining innovation and safety can we expand the social benefits of technological development and curb the adverse consequences of technological development. I think this is the right direction for us to move forward.<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-body-text-color\">  CXO UNION-CXO\u8054\u76df\uff08cxounion.cn\uff09<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We need new technologies as well as safety belts. Only by combining innovation and safety can we expand the social benefits of technological development and curb the adverse consequences of technological development. I think this is the right direction for us to move forward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Klaus: It is very necessary to develop global regulations to regulate AI, but it still seems to be a certain difficulty, and different countries have different attitudes towards AI. Will there be a regulatory body like the police or the International Energy Organization?<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-body-text-color\">  CXO UNION-CXO\u8054\u76df\uff08cxounion.cn\uff09<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: AI is a technology for all mankind, and the problems it faces are challenges for all mankind, which naturally requires global standards and global norms, otherwise the technology will get out of control. Our consensus now is that when it comes to the underlying model, we should conduct a rigorous assessment of its safety before launching any new product, and when it comes to applications, we should conduct a risk assessment of how to deploy this technology, such as in healthcare, we need to assess the risk of AI technology being applied to the medical field. If we can agree on some basic elements, develop norms, I think humanity will come together. I don&#8217;t know if a new agency will emerge, but people in my area are talking about it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krause: As a software engineer, I always try to be on the cutting edge of technology, but I feel that I have a hard time catching new technologies like AI, and I realize that I should communicate with ChatGPT as a real colleague, not as a simple search engine. How well do you think the government understands AI and can come up with effective ways to regulate it?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: At the end of the day, we don&#8217;t have the capacity to govern human society, to use technology to directly improve people&#8217;s lives, and in that case we need government support.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The development of AI has given us the most natural user interface possible &#8211; one that allows the computer to understand us rather than us understanding the computer. In terms of technology itself, it has nothing to do with politics, it has to be simple enough for it to be governable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kraus: Have you considered the economic pressures and environmental pressures that will result from the huge energy consumption if AI is used heavily?<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-body-text-color\">  CXO UNION-CXO\u8054\u76df\uff08cxounion.cn\uff09<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: In fact, on the one hand, the consumption cost of AI computing power is decreasing with the progress of technology, such as the compression of 250 years of chemical reaction time to 25 years, and the rapid discovery of new materials, which actually reduces the cost of new product development and is conducive to improving productivity. On the other hand, our demand for energy is stimulating the development and innovation of new energy sources such as wind, solar and nuclear power, accelerating the energy transition. To promote the development of new technologies with new energy, fundamentally promote social development and improve social productivity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. The future of AI: Meet the next &#8220;PC Boom&#8221;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Klaus: When the Internet technology flourished, social productivity was improved qualitatively and the economy developed rapidly. Now, will the emergence of new technologies represented by AI bring economic prosperity again?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Della: The current world economy is indeed in a disappointing state, some developed countries even have negative economic growth, we urgently need a new direction of investment, so I am optimistic about AI as a general purpose technology to promote economic growth. Even Robert Gordon, an economist who has been critical of the relationship between information technology and productivity, would admit that the adoption of the PC (personal computer) was the point at which the last economic boom began, and that the timing of the emergence of AI technology is very much like the point at which PC adoption began.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It&#8217;s hard for me to imagine how human beings worked before the PC, for example if you want to do cost budgeting for a multinational company, what it was like before email, before spreadsheets, it just doesn&#8217;t feel like work can be done. But when the PC came along, our business processes changed, making it easy to do cost budgeting for multinational companies. I believe that in the Copilot era, with the spread of AI, our work tasks and workflows will fundamentally change, both in terms of economic output and in terms of accelerating scientific research. <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-body-text-color\">  CXO UNION-CXO\u8054\u76df\uff08cxounion.cn\uff09<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another technological revolution is the emergence of mobile phones, which has swept the world with the same amazing speed as PC. Its emergence has changed our consumption pattern, we can use social media, watch videos, shop, get information, news and so on with the help of mobile phones. The AI revolution we are now facing will bring us to the stage of unleashing creativity. One of my colleagues was describing his four-year-old&#8217;s weekend activities when he told her he needed more time to create. So when human creativity is unleashed, productivity increases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krause: When my 15-year-old grandson asks me to come back from Davos and give him advice on how to get into AI and become a big guy, what advice would you give?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: The most fascinating thing about AI is that you can study anything you&#8217;re interested in, like I was an electrical engineer studying Maxwell&#8217;s equations [partial differential equations established by the British physicist James Maxwell in the 19th century that describe the relationship between electric and magnetic fields and the density of charge and current.] I didn&#8217;t understand it, didn&#8217;t understand what it really meant, and then when I was researching AI, I saw that someone had written a website in Java (a computer language used to create websites) that visualized Maxwell&#8217;s equation. So now anyone can use AI to learn the industry they are interested in, and difficult questions will be answered by AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krause: You&#8217;re one of the most successful business leaders in the world, if you compare yourself to Nadella 10 years ago, how would you say your leadership style has changed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nadella: I&#8217;ve been reflecting a lot in my past work. This is my 32nd year at Microsoft and my second year in the AI field. 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