【观点】华为技术有限公司董事、CEO任正非：人感知到自己的渺小，行为才开始伟大

千古兴亡多少事，一江春水向东流。

小时候，妈妈给我们讲希腊大力神的故事，我们崇拜得不得了。

少年不知事的时期我们又崇拜上李元霸、宇文成都这种盖世英雄，传播着张飞“杀”（争斗）岳飞的荒诞故事。

在青春萌动的时期，突然敏感到李清照的千古情人是力拔山兮的项羽。至此“生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄”又成了我们的人生警句。

当然，这种个人英雄主义，也不是没有意义，它迫使我们在学习上争斗，成就了较好的成绩。

当我走向社会，多少年后才知道，让我碰到头破血流的，就是这种不知事的人生哲学。

我大学没入团，当兵多年没入党，处处都在逆境中，个人很孤立，当我明白“团结就是力量”这句话的政治内涵时，已过了不惑之年。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

想起蹉跎了的岁月，才觉得，怎么会这么幼稚可笑，一点都不明白开放、妥协、灰度呢？

我是在生活所迫，人生路窄的时候创立华为的。那时我已领悟到个人是历史长河中最渺小的，这是人生真谛。

我看过云南的盘山道，那么艰险，一百多年前是怎么确定路线，怎么修筑的，为筑路人的智慧与辛苦而佩服；

我看过薄薄的丝绸衣服，为上面栩栩如生的花纹而折服，织女们怎么这么巧夺天工！天啊！

还有万里长城、河边的纤夫、奔驰的高铁…

我深刻地体会到，组织的力量、众人的力量，才是无穷的。

一

人感知到自己的渺小，行为才开始伟大。

在创立华为时，我已过了不惑之年。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

“不惑”是什么意思？在几千年的封建社会中，等待人的心理成熟的一个尺度。

而我进入不惑之年时，人类已进入电脑时代，世界开始疯起来了，等不得我的不惑了。

我突然发觉，自己竟然越来越无知。

不是不惑，而是要重新起步重新学习，时代已经没时间与机会让我不惑了，前程充满了不确定性。

我刚来深圳还准备从事技术工作，或者搞点科研，如果我选择这条路，早已被时代抛在垃圾堆里了。

我后来明白，一个人不管如何努力，永远也赶不上时代的步伐，更何况是知识爆炸的时代。只有组织起数十人、数百人、数千人一同奋斗，你站在这上面，才摸得到时代的脚。

我转而去创建华为时，不再是自己去做专家，而是做组织者。

二

在时代面前，我越来越不懂技术、越来越不懂财务、半懂不懂管理，如果不能民主地善待团体，充分发挥各路英雄的作用，我将一事无成。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

从事组织建设成了我后来的追求，如何组织起千军万马，这对我来说是天大的难题。

我创建了华为公司，当时在中国叫个体户。这么一个弱小的个体户，想组织起千军万马是有些狂妄、不合时宜的，是有些想吃天鹅肉的梦幻。

我创建公司时设计了员工持股制度，通过利益分享团结起员工，那时我还不懂期权制度，更不知道西方在这方面很发达，有多种形式的激励机制。仅凭自己过去的人生挫折、感悟到与员工分担责任，分享利益。

创立之初，我与我父亲相商过这种做法，结果得到他的大力支持，他学过经济学。

这种无意中插的花，竟然今天开放到如此鲜艳，成就华为的大事业。

在华为成立之初，我是听任各地“游击队长”们自由发挥的。其实，我也领导不了他们。

前十年几乎没有开过办公会之类的会议，总是飞到各地去，听取他们的汇报，他们说怎么办就怎么办，理解他们，支持他们。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

听听研发人员的发散思维，乱成一团的所谓研发，当时简直不可能有清晰的方向，像玻璃窗上的苍蝇乱碰乱撞，听客户一点点改进的要求，奋力去寻找机会……

更谈不上如何去管财务了，我根本就不懂财务，我后来没有处理好与财务的关系，他们被提拔少，责任在我。

也许是我无能、傻，才如此放权，使各路诸侯的聪明才智大发挥，成就了华为。

我那时被称作甩手掌柜，不是我甩手，而是我真的不知道如何去管。

今天的接班人们，个个都是人中精英，他们还会不会像我那么愚钝，继续放权，发挥全体的积极性，继往开来，承前启后呢？

他们担任的事业更大，责任更重，会不会被事务压昏了，没时间听下面唠叨了呢？

我相信华为的惯性，相信接班人们的智慧。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

三

到1997年后，公司内部的思想混乱，主义林立，各路诸侯都显示出他们的实力，公司往何处去，我不得要领。

我请人民大学的教授们，一起讨论一个“基本法”，用于集合大家发散的思维，几上几下的讨论，不知不觉中“春秋战国”就无声无息了。人大的教授厉害，怎么就统一了大家的认识了呢？

从此，开始形成了所谓的华为企业文化，说这个文化有多好，多厉害，这不是我创造的，而是全体员工悟出来的。

我那时从一个甩手掌柜，变成了一个文化教员。

业界老说我神秘、伟大，其实我知道自己，名实不符。我不是为了抬高自己而隐起来，而是因害怕而低调的。

真正聪明的是十三万员工，以及客户的宽容与牵引，我只不过用利益分享的方式，将他们的才智粘合起来。

公司在意志适当集中以后，就必须产生必要的制度来支撑这个文化。

这时，我这个假掌柜就躲不了了，从上世纪末到本世纪初，大约在2003年的那几年时间，我累坏了，身体就是那时累垮的。身体有多项疾病，动过两次癌症手术，但我很乐观。

那时，要出来多少文件才能指导、约束公司的运行。那时公司已有几万员工，而且每天还在不断大量地涌入。你可以想像混乱到什么样子。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

我理解社会上那些承受不了的高管为什么选择自杀，当问题集中到你这一点，你不拿主意就无法运行，把你聚焦在太阳下烤的时候，你才知道CEO不好当。

每天十多个小时以上的工作，仍然是一头雾水，衣服皱巴巴的，内外矛盾交集。

我人生中并没有合适的管理经历，从学校到军队，都没有做过有行政权力的“官”，不可能有产生出有效文件的素质，左了改，右了又改过来，反复烙饼，把多少优秀人才烙糊了，烙跑了……

这段时间的摸着石头过河，险些被水淹死。

四

2002年，公司差点崩溃了。

IT泡沫的破灭，公司内外矛盾的交集，我却无能为力控制这个公司，有半年时间都在做噩梦，梦醒时常常在哭。

真的，如果不是公司的骨干们在茫茫黑暗中，点燃自己的心，来照亮前进的路程，现在公司早已没有了。这段时间孙董事长团结员工，增强信心，功不可没。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

大约2004年，美国顾问公司帮助我们设计公司组织结构时，知道我们还没有中枢机构，真是不可思议，而且高层只是空任命，也不运作，提出来要建立EMT（Executive Management Team，经营管理团队）。

我不愿做EMT的主席，就开始了轮值主席制度，由八位领导轮流执政，每人半年，经过两个循环，演变成今年的轮值CEO制度。

也许是这种无意中的轮值制度平衡了公司各方面的矛盾，使公司得以均衡成长。

轮值的好处是，每个轮值者在一段时间里，担负了公司CEO的职责，不仅要处理日常事务，而且要为高层会议准备起草文件，大大地锻炼了他们。

同时，他不得不削小他的屁股，否则就达不到别人对他决议的拥护。

这样他就将他管辖的部门，带入了全局利益的平衡，公司的山头无意中在这几年削平了。

经历了八年轮值后，在新董事会选举中，他们多数被选上。

我们又开始了在董事会领导下的轮值CEO制度，他们在轮值期间是公司的最高行政首长。

他们更多的是着眼公司战略，着眼制度建设，将日常经营决策的权力进一步下放给各BG（企业业务）、区域，以推动扩张的合理进行。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

这比将公司的成功系于一人，败也是这一人的制度要好。

每个轮值CEO在轮值期间奋力拉车，牵引公司前进。他走偏了，下一轮的轮值CEO会及时去纠正航向，使大船能早一些拨正船头，避免问题累积过重不得解决。

五

我不知道我们的路能走多好，这需要全体员工的拥护，以及客户和合作伙伴的理解与支持。

我相信由于我的不聪明而引出来的集体奋斗与集体智慧，若能为公司的强大、为祖国、为世界作出一点贡献，廿多年的辛苦就值得了。

我的知识底蕴不够，也并不够聪明，但我容得了优秀的员工与我一起工作，与他们在一起，我也被熏陶得优秀了。

他们出类拔萃，夹着我前进，我又没有什么退路，不得不被“绑”着、“架”着往前走，不小心就让他们抬到了峨眉山顶。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

我也体会到团结合作的力量。这些年来进步最大的是我，从一个“土民”，被精英们抬成了一个体面的小老头。

因为我的性格像海绵一样，善于吸取他们的营养，总结他们的精华，而且大胆地开放输出。

那些人中精英，在时代的大潮中，更会被众人团结合作抬到喜马拉雅山顶。

希腊大力神的母亲是大地，他只要一靠在大地上就力大无穷。我们的大地就是众人和制度，相信制度的力量，会使他们团结合作把公司抬到金顶。

作为轮值CEO，他们不再是只关注内部的建设与运作，同时也要放眼外部，放眼世界，要自己适应外部环境的运作，趋利避害。

我们伸出头去，看见我们现在所处的这个多变的世界，风暴与骄阳，和煦的春光与万丈深渊并存着。

我们无法准确预测未来，仍要大胆拥抱未来。

面对潮起潮落，即使公司大幅度萎缩，我们不仅要淡定，也要矢志不移地继续推动组织朝向长期价值贡献的方向去改革。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

要改革，更要开放。

要去除成功的惰性与思维的惯性对队伍的影响，也不能躺在过去荣耀的延长线上，只要我们能不断地激活队伍，我们就有希望。

历史的灾难经常是周而复始的，人们的贪婪从未因灾难改进过，过高的杠杆比推动经济的泡沫化，总会破灭。

我们唯有把握更清晰的方向，更努力地工作，任何投机总会要还账的。

经济越来越不可控，如果金融危机进一步延伸爆炸，货币急剧贬值，外部社会动荡，我们会独善其身吗？我们有能力挽救自己吗？我们行驶的航船，员工会像韩国人卖掉金首饰救国家一样，给我们集资买油吗？历史没有终结，繁荣会永恒吗？

我们既要有信心，也不要盲目相信未来，历史的灾难都是我们的前车之鉴。

我们对未来的无知是无法解决的问题，但我们可以通过归纳找到方向，并使自己处在合理组织结构及优良的进取状态，以此来预防未来。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

死亡是会到来的，这是历史规律，我们的责任是应不断延长我们的生命。

千古兴亡多少事，一江春水向东流，流过太平洋，流过印度洋……不回头。

翻译：

Ren Zhengfei, director and CEO of Huawei Technologies Co., LTD. : When people perceive their own insignificance, their actions begin to be great

How many things through the ages, a river of spring water flowing east.

When we were little, our mother told us stories about the Greek god Hercules, and we adored him.

Young unknown period we worship Li Yuanba, Yu Wenchengdu such heroes, spread Zhang Fei “kill” (fight) Yue Fei absurd story. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

So far, “life as a man, death is also a ghost” has become our life aphorism.

Of course, this kind of personal heroism is not meaningless, it forces us to fight in learning and achieve better results.

When I went to the society, many years later I knew that it was this philosophy of life that I did not know.

I did not join the league in college, served as a soldier for many years did not join the Party, everywhere in adversity, personal isolation, when I understand the political connotation of “unity is strength” this sentence, has passed the age of 40.

Think of the wasted years, just feel, how can be so naive and ridiculous, do not understand the open, compromise, gray scale? CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

I founded Huawei at a time when my life was forced and my path was narrow. At that time I had realized that the individual is the smallest in history, and this is the truth of life.

I have seen the Panshan Road in Yunnan, so difficult, more than a hundred years ago how to determine the route, how to build, for the wisdom and hard work of the passers-by and admire;

I have seen thin silk clothes, for the above lifelike patterns and impressed, weaving girls how so clever! My goodness!

There are also the Great Wall, the streamers, the high-speed trains…

I deeply understand that the power of the organization, the power of the people, is infinite.

one

Man perceives his own insignificance, the act begins to be great.

When I founded Huawei, I was in my 40s.

What does “no confusion” mean? In the thousands of years of feudal society, waiting for people’s psychological maturity of a measure. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

When I entered the age of 40, mankind had entered the computer age, and the world began to go crazy, and I could not wait for my ignorance.

I suddenly realized that I was becoming more and more ignorant.

I just came to Shenzhen is also ready to engage in technical work, or engage in some scientific research, if I choose this road, has long been thrown in the garbage by The Times.

I later realized that no matter how hard a person tries, he can never catch up with the pace of The Times, let alone the era of knowledge explosion. Only by organizing dozens of people, hundreds of people, thousands of people to fight together, you stand on this, you can touch the feet of The Times.

When I turned to Huawei, I was no longer an expert, but an organizer.

two

In the face of The Times, I am more and more ignorant of technology, more and more ignorant of finance, and half of management, if I cannot treat the group democratically and give full play to the role of heroes, I will achieve nothing.

Engaged in organization construction became my later pursuit, how to organize thousands of troops, this is a huge problem for me. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

I founded Huawei, which was then called a self-employed person in China. Such a weak individual, want to organize thousands of troops is some arrogant, inappropriate, is some want to eat swan meat dream.

When I founded the company, I designed the employee stock ownership system to unite employees through benefit sharing. At that time, I did not understand the option system, let alone that the West was very developed in this respect and there were various forms of incentive mechanisms. Only by their own past life setbacks, perceptions and employees share responsibility, share benefits.

When we started, I discussed this with my father, who was very supportive, and he studied economics.

This kind of unintentionally inserted flower has unexpectedly opened to such bright colors today, and has achieved Huawei’s great cause.

In the early days of Huawei’s establishment, I left it to the local guerrilla leaders to play freely. In fact, I can’t lead them either.

In the first ten years, there were almost no meetings such as office meetings, I always flew around, listened to their reports, did what they said, understood them, and supported them.

Listen to the divergent thinking of research and development personnel, the so-called research and development in a mess, it is impossible to have a clear direction at that time, like the flies on the glass window, listen to the customer’s requirements for a little improvement, and strive to find opportunities… CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

Let alone how to manage finance, I do not understand finance, I did not deal with the relationship with finance, they were promoted less, the responsibility is on me.

Perhaps it is my incompetence and stupidity that led me to delegate power so that the wisdom and wisdom of various princes could be brought into full play and Huawei was achieved.

I was called the hand of the shopkeeper, not my hand, but I really do not know how to tube.

Today’s successors, everyone is the elite, they will not be as stupid as me, continue to delegate power, give full play to the enthusiasm of all, carry on the past and open up the future?

They take on a bigger cause, more responsibility, will be overwhelmed by affairs, no time to listen to the following nagging? CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

I believe in Huawei’s inertia and believe in the wisdom of the successors.

three

By 1997, the company was in chaos, the doctrine was in full force, the various leaders were showing their strength, and I had no idea where the company was going.

I invite the professors of Renmin University to discuss a “Basic Law” together, which is used to gather everyone’s divergent thinking, and after a few discussions, the “Spring and Autumn and the Warring States” will be silent. The professors of the People’s Congress are amazing, how can they unify everyone’s understanding?

Since then, the so-called Huawei corporate culture has begun to form, saying how good and powerful this culture is, which is not created by me, but by all employees.

I went from being an offhand shopkeeper to being a cultural instructor.

The industry always says that I am mysterious and great, in fact, I know myself, the name is not true. I did not hide myself for the sake of elevating myself, but low-key out of fear.

The real smart is the 130,000 employees, as well as the tolerance and traction of customers, I just use the way of sharing benefits, will be their wisdom together.

When the company has a proper concentration of will, it must produce the necessary institutions to support this culture. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

At this time, I this fake shopkeeper can not hide, from the end of the last century to the beginning of this century, about 2003, a few years of time, I am exhausted, the body is exhausted at that time. I’ve had a number of illnesses, two cancer surgeries, but I’m optimistic.

At that time, how many documents have to come out to guide and constrain the operation of the company. By then the company had tens of thousands of employees, and they continued to pour in every day. You can imagine the chaos.

I understand why executives in society who can’t bear it choose to commit suicide, when the problem focuses on you, you can’t operate without making a decision, and you focus on baking in the sun, you know that the CEO is not good.

More than ten hours of work a day, is still confused, clothes wrinkled, internal and external contradictions.

I have no suitable management experience in my life, from school to the army, have never been an “official” with administrative power, it is impossible to have the quality to produce effective documents, left to change, right to change again, repeatedly pancake, how many outstanding talents burned, burned away…… CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

This period of time to feel the stones across the river, almost drowned.

four

In 2002, the company nearly collapsed.

The collapse of the IT bubble, the intersection of internal and external contradictions of the company, but I can do nothing to control the company, have half a year in nightmares, often crying when waking up.

Indeed, if the backbone of the company had not lit their hearts in the vast darkness to illuminate the way forward, the company would have been gone by now. During this period of time, Chairman Sun united employees and enhanced confidence, which is indispensable.

Around 2004, when the American consulting firm helped us design the organization structure of the company, it was incredible to know that we had no central organization, and the top Management was only empty and did not operate, and it was proposed to establish an EMT (Executive Management Team).

I did not want to be the chairman of EMT, so I started the rotating chairman system, with eight leaders taking turns to govern for half a year each, and after two cycles, it has evolved into this year’s rotating CEO system.

Perhaps it is this unintentional rotation system that balances the contradictions in all aspects of the company, so that the company can grow evenly. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

The advantage of rotating is that each rotating person takes on the responsibilities of the CEO of the company for a period of time, not only dealing with daily affairs, but also preparing and drafting documents for high-level meetings, which greatly trains them.

At the same time, he had to trim his butt or he wouldn’t get support for his resolution.

In this way, he brought his department into the balance of the overall interests, and the mountain of the company was unintentionally flattened in recent years.

After eight years in office, they were overwhelmingly elected to a new board.

We have again introduced a rotating CEO system under the leadership of the board of directors, who are the top executive heads of the company during the rotating period.

They focus more on corporate strategy and system construction, and further delegate the power of daily business decision-making to each BG (enterprise business) and region to promote reasonable expansion.

This is better than a system that attributes the success of a company to one person and the failure to that person. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

Each rotating CEO struggles to pull the cart and pull the company forward during the shift. He went off course, and the next round of rotating ceos will correct the course in time, so that the ship can be righted earlier, and avoid the accumulation of problems that cannot be solved.

five

I don’t know how well we can go, it needs the support of all employees, as well as the understanding and support of customers and partners.

I believe that because I am not smart and led to the collective struggle and collective wisdom, if you can make a strong company, for the motherland, for the world to make a contribution, more than 20 years of hard work is worth it.

I wasn’t knowledgeable enough, and I wasn’t smart enough, but I allowed good people to work with me, and with them, I was taught to be good.

They excelled, holding me forward, I had no way to retreat, had to be “tied”, “frame” to go forward, accidentally let them carry to the top of Emei mountain.

I also learned the power of working together. The biggest improvement over the years is me, from a “native”, lifted by the elite into a decent little old man.

Because my character is like a sponge, good at absorbing their nutrition, summing up their essence, and boldly open output. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

The elite of those people, in the tide of The Times, will be carried to the top of the Himalayas by everyone’s unity and cooperation.

The mother of the Greek god Hercules was the earth, and as long as he leaned on the earth, he was infinitely powerful. Our earth is the people and the system, I believe that the power of the system will make them unite and cooperate to lift the company to the golden top.

As the rotating CEO, they are no longer only concerned about the internal construction and operation, but also to look outside, look at the world, to adapt to the operation of the external environment, to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages.

We look out and see the changing world in which we now live, storms and sun, warm spring and deep abyss.

We cannot accurately predict the future, but we still have to boldly embrace the future.

In the face of the ebb and flow, even if the company shrinks significantly, we must not only calm down, but also remain committed to continue to push the organization to change in the direction of long-term value contribution. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

To reform, we must open up.

To remove the inertia of success and the inertia of thinking on the team, nor can we lie on the extension line of past glory, as long as we can constantly activate the team, we have hope.

The disaster of history is often repeated, people’s greed has never been improved by the disaster, and the excessive leverage ratio promotes the economic bubble, which will always burst.

We have to take a clearer direction, work harder, any speculation will always have to pay back.

The economy is becoming more and more uncontrollable, if the financial crisis further extends and explodes, the currency depreciates sharply, and the external social unrest, will we be immune? Are we capable of saving ourselves? On the ship we are sailing, will the employees raise money for us to buy oil like the Koreans sold their gold jewelry to save their country? History has not ended, will prosperity last forever?

We should have confidence, but we should not blindly believe in the future. The disasters of history are all lessons for us.

Our ignorance of the future is a problem that cannot be solved, but we can prevent the future by finding the direction by induction and putting ourselves in a reasonable organization and a good state of enterprise. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

Death will come, that is the law of history, and our duty is to keep prolonging our lives.

How many things through the ages, a river of spring water flowing east, flowing through the Pacific Ocean, flowing through the Indian Ocean… Don’t look back.

由CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）转载而成，来源于商闻；编辑/翻译：CXO UNIONCXO联盟小U。

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