【访谈】钱锋院士：​人工智能要紧密切合产业升级需求

钱锋院士

全国政协常委，上海市政协副主席，九三学社中央常委、上海市委主委，中国工程院院士，国家智能制造专家委员会副主任，国家流程制造智能调控技术创新中心首席科学家，CCF中国数字经济50人论坛委员。

3月4日，全国政协十四届二次会议在北京开幕。全国政协委员、常委，中国工程院院士钱锋接受了《中国电子报》记者采访。他建议，人工智能赋能新型工业化，要树立目标导向观念，人工智能技术固然重要，但更重要的是将人工智能技术与产业升级需求密切结合，给工厂、产业、行业装上高质量发展的“工业大脑”。

当前，人工智能已成为推进新型工业化的重要抓手。1月22日，国务院常务会议上强调，要统筹高质量发展和高水平安全，以人工智能和制造业深度融合为主线，以智能制造为主攻方向，以场景应用为牵引，加快重点行业智能升级，大力发展智能产品，高水平赋能工业制造体系，加快形成新质生产力，为制造强国、网络强国和数字中国建设提供有力支撑。

关于如何发挥人工智能对新型工业化的牵引作用，钱锋表达了自己的观点：“很多人讲人工智能赋能新型工业化，会把人工智能几个字看得很重。但在我看来，人工智能赋能新型工业化，说到底是如何以数据、算法、算力来赋能制造业高质量发展中亟待解决的难题。这其中人工智能只是工具和手段，关键在于搞清楚制造业的需求、难点和短板是什么，并把人工智能技术与其紧密结合、寻求破解之路，而不是人工智能和制造业发展‘两张皮’。”

实现传统制造业的转型升级是高质量推进新型工业化的应有之意。2023年12月，工业和信息化部等八部门联合印发《关于加快传统制造业转型升级的指导意见》；2024年1月，工业和信息化部等九部门发布《原材料工业数字化转型工作方案（2024—2026年）》，其目的就是推动传统产业转型升级。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

在钱锋看来，传统产业转型升级，更重要的是对现有生产方式、生产模式进行变革，包括生产过程数字孪生、智能计划、智能调度、智能地工艺实时优化、智能调控等等。“通过这些方式，改变原有的粗放式的发展方式和生产模式，实现生产、管理、营销模式的变革。” 钱锋说道。

传统产业的智能化改造、数字转型，需要借助现代服务业来实现。在钱锋看来，这些为传统制造业提质增效的行业，就是“新质生产力”的来源。例如，当前我国大多数大中型原材料企业生产操作的“手和脚”（即自动控制装备和系统，如执行器、DCS、PLC、SIS等）和“眼睛”（即各类传感器、检测仪器仪表等）都已比较先进，“神经中枢”（即各类网络通讯等）也已日趋完善，亟须为企业装上“集市场需求、研发设计、产品营销、资源配置、生产制造、绿色低碳为一体，需求快速感知和供需精准匹配”的“智慧大脑”。

而如何给传统产业转型升级，钱锋认为， 从内涵上讲，就是将产业链供应链价值链、资源能源利用、生产制造过程等与工业互联网、人工智能等现代信息技术深度融合，以高值化高端化、数字化智能化、绿色化低碳化为目标，创新物质加工和转化制造过程中物质流、能量流、价值流的自主智能协同调控技术，实现既有生产方式和模式的变革。也就是说，引导实体企业与人工智能技术深度融合，深度挖掘数据价值、高效配置资源能源、精准管控安全环保质量、基于数据实施高效决策、为产业链条深度赋能，从而打造“智造新实体”。

除此之外，钱锋还强调了制造业升级改造过程中产业链安全可控的重要性。钱锋表示：“数智技术与产业变革深度融合，工业软件很重要，工业软件‘定义制造装备’，它既可以助力新产品开发、新材料创制，也可以支撑生产制造过程高端高效、降本增效、节能环保等，必须自主可控。” CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

翻译：

Academician Qian Feng: Artificial intelligence should closely meet the needs of industrial upgrading

Academician Qian Feng

Member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, Vice Chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Committee, member of the Standing Committee of the Central Committee of the Jiusan Society, Chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Committee, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, deputy director of the National Intelligent Manufacturing Expert Committee, Chief scientist of the National Intelligent Control Technology Innovation Center for Process Manufacturing, member of the CCF China Digital Economy 50 Forum.

The second session of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) opened in Beijing on March 4. Qian Feng, member of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee and member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, was interviewed by China Electronics News. He suggested that artificial intelligence enable new industrialization, to establish a goal-oriented concept, artificial intelligence technology is important, but more important is to closely combine artificial intelligence technology with industrial upgrading needs, to factories, industries, industries installed with high-quality development of the “industrial brain”.

At present, artificial intelligence has become an important starting point for promoting new industrialization. On January 22, the executive meeting of The State Council stressed that it is necessary to coordinate high-quality development and high-level security, take the deep integration of artificial intelligence and manufacturing as the main line, take intelligent manufacturing as the main direction, and take scene application as the impetus, accelerate the intelligent upgrading of key industries, vigorously develop intelligent products, enable high-level industrial manufacturing systems, and accelerate the formation of new quality productivity. It will provide strong support for building a strong manufacturing country, a strong network country and a digital China.

On how to play the role of artificial intelligence in the traction of new industrialization, Qian Feng expressed his own views: “Many people say that artificial intelligence enables new industrialization, and will take artificial intelligence very seriously.” However, in my opinion, artificial intelligence to enable new industrialization, in the final analysis, is how to use data, algorithms, computing power to enable the high-quality development of manufacturing industry to solve the problem. Among them, artificial intelligence is only a tool and means, the key is to understand the needs, difficulties and shortcomings of the manufacturing industry, and closely combine artificial intelligence technology with it, and seek a way to crack, rather than artificial intelligence and manufacturing development ‘two skins’.” CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

To realize the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing industry is the due meaning of promoting new industrialization with high quality. In December 2023, eight departments including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Transformation and Upgrading of Traditional Manufacturing Industry; In January 2024, nine departments including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Work Plan for the Digital Transformation of the Raw Material Industry (2024-2026), which aims to promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

In Qian Feng’s view, the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries is more important to change the existing production mode and production mode, including the digital twin of the production process, intelligent planning, intelligent scheduling, intelligent real-time optimization of the process, intelligent regulation and so on. “Through these methods, the original extensive development mode and production mode will be changed, and the production, management and marketing mode will be changed.” Qian Feng said.

The intelligent transformation and digital transformation of traditional industries need to be realized with the help of modern service industries. In Qian Feng’s view, these industries that improve the quality and efficiency of traditional manufacturing industries are the sources of “new quality productivity”. For example, at present, the “hands and feet” (that is, automatic control equipment and systems, such as actuators, DCS, PLC, SIS, etc.) and “eyes” (that is, all kinds of sensors, detection instruments, etc.) of the production operation of most large and medium-sized raw material enterprises in China have been relatively advanced, and the “nerve center” (that is, all kinds of network communications, etc.) has also become increasingly perfect. It is urgent for enterprises to install a “smart brain” that “integrates market demand, research and development design, product marketing, resource allocation, production and manufacturing, green and low-carbon, and rapidly perceivedemand and accurate matching of supply and demand”. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

How to transform and upgrade traditional industries, Qian Feng believes that from the connotation, it is to deeply integrate industrial chain supply chain value chain, resource and energy utilization, production and manufacturing process with modern information technology such as industrial Internet and artificial intelligence, with the goal of high value high-end, digital intelligence, green and low carbonization. Innovate the autonomous intelligent collaborative control technology of material processing and transforming the material flow, energy flow and value flow in the manufacturing process, and realize the transformation of the existing production mode and model. That is to say, to guide the deep integration of entity enterprises and artificial intelligence technology, to deeply explore the value of data, efficiently allocate resources and energy, accurately control the quality of safety and environmental protection, implement efficient decision-making based on data, and deeply empower the industrial chain, so as to create “intelligent new entities”.

In addition, Qian Feng also stressed the importance of safe and controllable industrial chain in the process of upgrading and transforming the manufacturing industry. Qian Feng said: “Digital intelligence technology is deeply integrated with industrial change, industrial software is very important, industrial software ‘defines manufacturing equipment’, it can help new product development, new material creation, but also support manufacturing process high-end and efficient, cost reduction and efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection, must be autonomous and controllable.”

由CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）转载而成，来源于中国电子报；编辑/翻译：CXO UNIONCXO联盟小U。

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