【观点】院士观点：智能制造不等于无人车间和黑灯工厂

导语：

智能制造是我国抢占未来经济和科技发展制高点的战略选择，更是传统制造业企业转型升级的必由之路。本文特梳理国内6位院士关于智能制造发展的重要观点，以供参考阅读。

一、中国工程院院士谭建荣：智能制造不等于无人车间和黑灯工厂

向社会提供好产品是企业最核心的要务，而做好产品最关键的是要有好的工艺。因此，企业转型升级的主要工作需要围绕产品和工艺展开，例如对于生产批量产品而言，模具是非常重要的，没有好的模具很难做出好的产品。

改革开放四十多年，虽然我国制造业取得了非常大的成就，但是目前中国制造业仍然存在不少的问题。不少企业缺乏自主创新、自主研发和应用实践能力，导致国内企业产品与国外先进企业还存在不少差距。企业的转型发展，首先要做好产品的设计，依赖设计才能掌握行业的核心技术。

现阶段制造企业普遍面临经营困难，其中的原因很多，但根本原因是市场需求发生了变化，主要体现在：批量化生产变为定制化生产，单一化产品向多品种方向发展。谭院士表示，产品的更新换代非常快，市场对产品需求越来越高端化，而高端化产品的研发能力恰恰是目前中国制造企业所缺乏的。

目前大部分智能制造项目还停留在企业生产线的自动化改造，并非严格意义上的工业4.0。真正的智能制造需要把人工智能技术与产品设计、制造技术融合起来，运用智能的技术解决制造的问题。

由此，智能制造不是黑灯工厂或者是无人工厂，而是人、机器人以及设备合理分工、协同工作，发挥出最大效益，这其中人的作用的非常关键的。企业需要采用新的技术、新的工艺、新的工具和生产新的产品。

制造业需要高质量发展，需要开发高质量的产品，而生产高质量的产品需要高质量的技术、高质量的管理以及高质量的人才。知识库和知识工程对企业至关重要，智能制造必须要借助行业的知识经验积累。此外，企业的创新和研发需要定量分析，比如数字化建模，需要高水平的基础知识人才，特别是数学专业人才。

智能化转型与高质量发展的十大关键技术：创新设计与正向设计、数字建模与数字孪生、模块配置与定制设计、几何性能材料一体设计、工艺设计与时序规划、精确定位与智能物流、加工测试与装配集成、精益生产与准时生产、机器互联与数字车间、机器人应用与自动化。

二、中国工程院院士周济：智能制造是制造业创新的主要路径

“整体而言，我国制造业竞争力还不强，从制造大国迈向制造强国，中国制造业任重而道远。”在周济看来，未来三十年，我国必须坚定不移建设制造强国，实现制造业由大到强，由世界产业链中低端走向中高端，由制造业大国迈向制造强国。广义而论，智能制造是先进制造技术与新一代信息技术的深度融合。从现在到2035年，是我国制造业实现由大到强的关键时期，也是制造业发展质量变革、效率变革、动力变革的关键时期。

从现在到2035年，我国智能制造发展总体将分为两个阶段：第一阶段是数字化转型，到2028年，要深入推进制造业数字化转型工程；第二阶段是数字化升级，从2028年至2035年，要深入推进制造业的智能化升级工程。

智能制造是一个覆盖产品全生命周期的创新优化大系统，包含了智能产品、智能生产和智能服务三大功能子系统，以及智能制造云和工业互联网络两大支撑子系统，它们集合而成智能制造系统。我国制造业创新的内涵主要包含四个层次：一是产品创新，二是生产技术创新，三是产业模式创新，四是制造系统集成创新。在这四个层次上面，数字化、网络化、智能化都是制造业创新的主要路径。

“当前，汽车工业正在朝着无人驾驶汽车、智能化汽车的方向急速前进，随着新一代智能技术的深入应用，未来汽车将会进入无人驾驶时代，它将成为一个智能移动终端，成为人们工作和生活的移动空间。”周济表示，可以预见，新一代智能制造技术将为产品和装备的创新插上腾飞翅膀，开辟更为广阔的天地。

到2035年，我国各种产品和装备都将从“数字一代”发展成“智能一代”，升级为智能产品和装备。一方面，一大批先进的智能生活产品，如智能终端、智能家电、智能服务机器人等，为人民更美好的生活服务；另一方面，制造、电子、服务装备必将全面智能升级，如信息制造装备、能源装备、农业装备等，特别是智能制造装备，如智能机床、智能机器人等，我们的“大国重器”将装备“工业大脑”，更加先进、更加强大。

“近年来，离散型制造业的数字化网络化装备、产线、车间、工厂发展很快，促进了制造企业的智能升级、创新发展。”周济同时表示，冶金、化工、电力、建材等流程制造业，在国民经济中占有基础性的战略地位，产能高度集中，且数字化网络化较好，最有可能率先突破新一代智能制造。

三、中国工程院院士陈清泉：智能制造是新一代信息技术与先进制造的深度融合

八十年代美国首次提出智能制造，那时候的主要含义是人工智能，当时人工智能在制造领域的应用叫做智能制造。发展到九十年代，智能制造，是智能制造技术或者智能制造系统。进入二十一世纪，新一代信息技术飞速发展，物联网、互联网、大数据、云计算等等，这些新一代信息技术与先进制造的深度融合叫做智能制造。

如今的智能制造贯穿于产品、制造、服务全生命周期各个环节，系统地优化集成，实现制造的数字化、网络化、智能化，不断提升企业的产品质量、效益、服务水平，推动制造业创新、绿色、协调、开放、共享发展。智能制造在长期的世界演化中有不同的方式，包括精密生产、柔性制造，数字化制造，计算机制造，网络化制造、云制造，智能化制造等等，这些方式在不同程度不同视角上反映出制造业的数字化、网络化、智能化，在制造业转型过程中发挥了积极作用。

新一代人工智能技术与先进制造技术深度融合形成了新一代的智能制造，特色就是数字化、网络化、智能化制造。新一代人工智能技术的融入使得产品和装备产生了革命性的变化，从智能手机和智能汽车快速发展，可以看出智能产品和智能装备未来发展的前景。智能工厂是智能生产的主要载体，追求的目标就是生产过程的优化，大幅度提升生产系统的性能、功能、质量和效益，重点发展方向是智能生产线、智能车间、智能工厂新一代人工智能技术与先进制造技术的融合将生产线、车间、工厂发生革命性的大变革，企业将会向新一代智能工厂进军。新一代人工智能技术应用催生了产业模式的革命性变革，产业模式从以前的以产品为中心走向以用户为中心的根本性的转变，完成深刻地供给侧结构性变革。

智能制造和传统制造最根本的不同，是传统制造仅仅是物理系统，智能制造是物理系统、信息系统和人文系统的深度融合，从数据变信息，从信息变成知识，从知识变成智能，助推第四次工业革命，以及走向第五次工业革命。

第一次工业革命是蒸汽机的发明，第二次是电力发明，第三次是计算机发明，第四次就是人工智能，发挥数字生产力。但是光靠人工智能不够，所以第五次工业革命就是人工智能+人文+环境，也就是欧盟的工业5.0，是在德国工业4.0基础上进一步提出的以人为本可持续。

四、中国工程院院士李培根：数据是智能制造的基础，企业需要数据驱动

在企业数字化和智能制造中，数据是基础，是“血液”。数据是工业互联网的基础和关键，企业需要数据驱动。数据不仅能够助力设备的优化运行，还能驱动产品创新、驱动设备采购，帮企业进行战略投资决策。最终，企业的“一切事物”都需要数据驱动。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

1. 数据，驱动企业的“一切”

“软件定义世界，数据驱动未来。”，数据是驱动智能制造的关键生产要素。具体来说，首先数据可以协助定制化生产。李培根以生产高度“定制化”洗发水和液体肥皂的化工巨头巴斯夫为例，说巴斯夫每个塑料瓶依次在传送带上灌装、封盖、包装，每个产品标签上都有芯片，记录了不同的数据，来灌装不同颜色和成分的肥皂液，指令调配比例和包装方式等。“如果数据不能及时去做的话，批量的（个性化）生产是不可能的。”

其次，制造业中很多设备的优化运行也需要数据驱动。李培根表示，以风电为例，风机上面会装一些传感器，收集工厂的数据，比如风力、风向等环境数据。收集完数据之后，它会有数字孪生模型进行仿真，根据仿真的结果控制叶片的俯仰角度等，从而提高发电效率。

不仅如此，数据还能驱动产品的创新。福特一个实验室曾收集约400万辆装有车载传感设备的汽车数据，通过对数据的分析，工程师了解了司机在驾驶汽车时的感受、外部环境的变化以及汽车的环境相应表现，从而改善了车辆的操作性、排气质量和能源的利用效率。针对车内噪声的问题，福特还改变了扬声器的位置，从而最大程度减少了噪声。

与此同时，数据还能驱动制造企业相关设备的采购。一台机器有采购成本和水面下的维修成本，如果高频出现异常，比如出现一天停机，那么直接的损失是巨大的。而通过设备的维修数据，可以分析出设备利用率，直接连上供应链，为设备采购做决策。

“甚至连（企业的）战略投资，都要靠数据。”李培根表示，香港DeepKnowledge Ventures（DKV）风投公司，五年前聘请了“瓦投（VITAL）”做董事。

“瓦投”不是一个人，而是一个数字智能系统。为什么让它做董事？就是因为它掌握了大量的数据。”据李培根介绍，瓦投能在毫秒内分析、判断、决策无法被人类分析师观察到的趋势，能做人们“直觉”做不了的“针对海量信息的逻辑分析”，确保投资决策的正确。因此，企业里的“一切过程”，包括设计、生产、管理过程等，“一切目标”和“一切事物”，都需要数据驱动。

2. 数据同频，利润提升的关键

尽管数据的重要性日益凸显，但在制造企业实际的运行过程中，想发挥好数据的价值并不是一件容易的事。李培根表示，对大型制造企业而言，业务系统林立造成的“信息烟囱”，让数据难以在流动中产生价值。对中小制造企业来说，缺乏让企业能够在充满变化的市场环境中实时而准确掌握企业经营数据的、开箱可用的方案。

数据的同频，数据的融合，是制造业降本增效的关键。具体来说，这需要多领域、多部门、不同子系统之间的数据融合。目前绝大多数企业都没有做到财务信息和业务信息的真正融合，财务部门和业务部门的数据是独立的。这就容易导致财务部门在考虑成本问题的时候，忽略掉业务方面问题。但实际上，业务的方方面面都和成本有关。因此，财务部门也需要数据驱动，需要挖掘出非财务的信息，比如业务信息和市场信息等。

五、中国工程院院士桂卫华：智能制造是实现有色行业智能化重要手段

工业互联网的本质是要实现工业智能化。我国是制造业大国，同时也是互联网大国，立足这两个优势，融合工业4.0和工业互联网，提出带有中国特色的智能制造，其中包括智能制造的内涵和如何建设等问题。

有色金属工业是流程工业的重要组成部分。改革开放以来，我国有色金属行业经历了技术引进、消化吸收、生产创新等阶段，生产水平有了大幅提升，其中信息化、自动化发挥了重要的作用。随着工业互联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能等信息技术的发展，智能制造已成为制造业发展的主题。智能制造是我国从制造大国向制造强国转变的根本途径，将使我国有色金属生产的过程从局部粗放向全系精细化发展，实现绿色高效发展。

实际上，智能制造的内涵是新一代信息技术与制造业的有机深度融合、交汇与发展。它的核心是智能化，将人工智能与物理系统深度融合，充分融合工业机理、工业数据、人工经验的分析方法，支撑企业实现业务目标。

桂卫华表示，要大力推进工业互联网、大数据、人工智能、5G等前沿技术在有色行业智能制造中的应用，推动有色行业实现绿色化、高效化发展。立足我国有色金属行业特点，基于工业互联网平台，采用云、边、端三层架构支撑智能服务、智能生产与管理、协同创新等智能化应用。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

当前，我国有色金属等流程行业主体工艺装备均处于世界先进水平，自动化和信息化总体集成度较高，率先实现智能制造。但是有色金属工业可持续发展也需要解决诸如环保压力日益增大、人力成本急剧上升等问题。“如何推动新一代信息技术与有色金属工业深度融合，助力有色金属工业转型升级是有色金属行业智能制造的新课题。

未来要聚焦以下几个问题：第一，精准感知是有色行业智能化的基础，要解决有色金属行业复杂生产环境下的智能感知问题。第二，要以解决业务问题为目标，着力推进有色金属行业工业软件的发展。第三，知识自动化赋能有色金属行业，能够实现创新决策，要解决知识自动化的问题，包括工业知识的获取、学习与应用、经验知识的推广。第四，在智能制造以及工业互联网环境下，改变有色金属行业企业管理模式，包括生产过程管理模式和商业服务模式，以新模式取得新突破。

六、中国工程院院士钱锋：数字化转型助力制造业高质量发展

我国是制造大国，但还不是制造强国，由大变强，我们差什么核心技术？一是高新的工业软件，制造业跟数字化挂钩，软件少不了，而高端的工业软件80%以上还是受制于人；其次是石油、铁矿石等资源的高效利用；此外还有集成电路、晶元等高端产业的创新。 CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

钱锋院士认为，制造业分为两大类，一类是流程制造，一类是离散制造，中国不少企业流程跟国外差不多，都是很先进的，但离散装备跟国外装备是有差距，我们的生产效率等问题还是比较突出，对比国外的先进水平还有差距。制造业要保持高速增长，需要融合新一轮的科技革命、人工智能、大数据、工业互联网，通过数字化转型的方式，才能够达到高质量发展。

无人化工厂不等于数字化转型成功！一个工厂实现了无人操作，并不代表数字化转型成功，无人化工厂只能代表自动化程度很高，但不能代表价值链最大化，我们通过智能化达到生产、管理、营销模式的变革，把传统的管理方式、生产方式、生产模式、营销方式实现变革，实现利润最大化，实现目标，产品要高质高端，要绿色低碳化，那才是转型成功。

对于数字化转型的目标，钱锋院士提出了三点建议：首先要把产业链、供应链稳定，实现供应链的现代化和安全稳定；第二，产品、原料等生产资源成本的关系要实现全数字化、全智能化的决策；第三，通过数字化实现价值链最大化，这个价值链不仅是产品的价值，更重要的是整个全产业链的价值，包括社会价值、生态安全、清洁环保等等。如果一个工厂、一个行业把这三个链靠创新链协同好，它未来肯定会具有极大的发展空间。

翻译：

Academician’s point of view: Intelligent manufacturing is not equal to unmanned workshops and black light factories

Lead:

Intelligent manufacturing is a strategic choice for China to seize the commanding heights of future economic and scientific and technological development, and it is the only way for traditional manufacturing enterprises to transform and upgrade. This paper combs the important views of 6 domestic academicians on the development of intelligent manufacturing for reference.

First, Tan Jianrong, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering: Intelligent manufacturing is not equal to unmanned workshops and black light factories

Providing good products to the society is the core business of enterprises, and the most critical thing to do a good product is to have a good process. Therefore, the main work of enterprise transformation and upgrading needs to focus on products and processes, for example, for the production of batch products, molds are very important, and it is difficult to make good products without good molds. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

For more than 40 years of reform and opening up, although China’s manufacturing industry has made great achievements, there are still many problems in China’s manufacturing industry. Many enterprises lack the ability of independent innovation, independent research and development and application practice, resulting in a lot of gaps between domestic enterprises and foreign advanced enterprises. The transformation and development of enterprises must first do a good job of product design, and rely on design to master the core technology of the industry.

At this stage, manufacturing enterprises are generally facing business difficulties, among which there are many reasons, but the fundamental reason is that market demand has changed, mainly reflected in: mass production into customized production, single products to develop in the direction of multiple varieties. Academician Tan said that the replacement of products is very fast, the market demand for products is more and more high-end, and the research and development ability of high-end products is precisely the lack of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.

At present, most intelligent manufacturing projects still stay in the automatic transformation of enterprise production lines, not in the strict sense of industry 4.0. Real intelligent manufacturing needs to integrate artificial intelligence technology with product design and manufacturing technology, and use intelligent technology to solve manufacturing problems.

Therefore, intelligent manufacturing is not a black light factory or an unmanned factory, but a reasonable division of labor and collaborative work of people, robots and equipment to maximize benefits, in which the role of people is very critical. Businesses need to adopt new technologies, new processes, new tools and produce new products.

The manufacturing industry needs high-quality development, needs to develop high-quality products, and the production of high-quality products requires high-quality technology, high-quality management and high-quality talents. Knowledge base and knowledge engineering are crucial to enterprises, and intelligent manufacturing must rely on the accumulation of knowledge and experience in the industry. In addition, the innovation and research and development of enterprises require quantitative analysis, such as digital modeling, and require a high level of basic knowledge talents, especially mathematics professionals.

Ten key technologies for intelligent transformation and high-quality development: innovative design and forward design, digital modeling and digital twin, module configuration and custom design, integrated design of geometric properties and materials, process design and timing planning, precise positioning and intelligent logistics, process testing and assembly integration, lean production and just-in-time production, machine interconnection and digital workshop, robot application and automation.

Zhou Ji, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering: Intelligent manufacturing is the main path of manufacturing innovation

“Overall, China’s manufacturing competitiveness is not strong, from manufacturing power to manufacturing power, China’s manufacturing industry has a long way to go.” In Zhou Ji’s view, in the next 30 years, China must unswervingly build a manufacturing power, realize the manufacturing industry from large to strong, from the low-end of the world industrial chain to the high-end, from a manufacturing country to a manufacturing power. In a broad sense, intelligent manufacturing is the deep integration of advanced manufacturing technology and a new generation of information technology. From now to 2035, it is a key period for China’s manufacturing industry to achieve from large to strong, and it is also a key period for the development of quality change, efficiency change, and power change in the manufacturing industry.

From now to 2035, the overall development of intelligent manufacturing in China will be divided into two stages: the first stage is digital transformation, by 2028, to further promote the digital transformation project of manufacturing; The second stage is the digital upgrade, from 2028 to 2035, to further promote the intelligent upgrade project of the manufacturing industry.

Intelligent manufacturing is an innovative optimization system covering the whole life cycle of products, including three functional subsystems of intelligent products, intelligent production and intelligent services, as well as two supporting subsystems of intelligent manufacturing cloud and industrial Internet, which are assembled into intelligent manufacturing systems. The connotation of manufacturing innovation in China mainly includes four levels: one is product innovation, the other is production technology innovation, the third is industrial model innovation, and the fourth is manufacturing system integration innovation. At these four levels, digitalization, networking, and intelligence are the main paths for manufacturing innovation.

“At present, the automotive industry is moving rapidly in the direction of driverless cars and intelligent cars, with the in-depth application of a new generation of intelligent technology, the future car will enter the era of driverless cars, it will become an intelligent mobile terminal, and become a mobile space for people to work and live.” Zhou Ji said that it is foreseeable that the new generation of intelligent manufacturing technology will insert wings for the innovation of products and equipment and open up a broader world.

By 2035, all kinds of products and equipment in China will develop from “digital generation” into “smart generation” and be upgraded to smart products and equipment. On the one hand, a large number of advanced intelligent life products, such as intelligent terminals, intelligent home appliances, intelligent service robots, etc., serve the people better life; On the other hand, manufacturing, electronics, service equipment will be fully intelligent upgrade, such as information manufacturing equipment, energy equipment, agricultural equipment, etc., especially intelligent manufacturing equipment, such as intelligent machine tools, intelligent robots, etc., our “big country heavy equipment” will be equipped with “industrial brain”, more advanced and more powerful. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

“In recent years, digital networking equipment, production lines, workshops and factories in the discrete manufacturing industry have developed rapidly, which has promoted the intelligent upgrading and innovative development of manufacturing enterprises.” Zhou Ji also said that the process manufacturing industry such as metallurgy, chemical industry, electric power and building materials occupies a basic strategic position in the national economy, with a high concentration of production capacity and a good digital network, and is most likely to take the lead in breaking through a new generation of intelligent manufacturing.

Chen Qingquan, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering: Intelligent manufacturing is the deep integration of a new generation of information technology and advanced manufacturing

In the 1980s, the United States proposed intelligent manufacturing for the first time, and the main meaning at that time was artificial intelligence, and the application of artificial intelligence in the manufacturing field was called intelligent manufacturing. Developed in the 1990s, intelligent manufacturing is intelligent manufacturing technology or intelligent manufacturing system. In the 21st century, the rapid development of a new generation of information technology, the Internet of things, the Internet, big data, cloud computing, etc., these new generation of information technology and advanced manufacturing deep integration called intelligent manufacturing. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

Today’s intelligent manufacturing runs through all aspects of the whole life cycle of products, manufacturing and services, systematically optimizing integration, realizing the digitization, networking and intelligence of manufacturing, constantly improving the product quality, efficiency and service level of enterprises, and promoting the innovation, green, coordinated, open and shared development of manufacturing. Intelligent manufacturing has different ways in the long-term evolution of the world, including precision production, flexible manufacturing, digital manufacturing, computer manufacturing, networked manufacturing, cloud manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing, etc. These ways reflect the digitalization, networking and intelligence of the manufacturing industry in different degrees and different perspectives, and have played a positive role in the transformation process of the manufacturing industry.

The deep integration of a new generation of artificial intelligence technology and advanced manufacturing technology has formed a new generation of intelligent manufacturing, which is characterized by digital, networked and intelligent manufacturing. The integration of a new generation of artificial intelligence technology has made products and equipment have revolutionary changes, from the rapid development of smart phones and smart cars, we can see the prospects for the future development of smart products and smart equipment. Smart factory is the main carrier of intelligent production, the goal of the pursuit is to optimize the production process, greatly improve the performance, function, quality and efficiency of the production system, the key development direction is intelligent production line, intelligent workshop, intelligent factory The integration of a new generation of artificial intelligence technology and advanced manufacturing technology will revolutionize the production line, workshop, and factory. Companies will move to a new generation of smart factories. The application of a new generation of artificial intelligence technology has spawned a revolutionary change in the industrial model, and the industrial model has fundamentally changed from the previous product-centered to user-centered, completing a profound supply-side structural change. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

The most fundamental difference between intelligent manufacturing and traditional manufacturing is that traditional manufacturing is only a physical system, intelligent manufacturing is the deep integration of physical systems, information systems and humanistic systems, from data to information, from information to knowledge, from knowledge to intelligence, to boost the fourth industrial revolution, and to the fifth industrial revolution.

The first industrial revolution was the invention of the steam engine, the second was the invention of electricity, the third was the invention of the computer, and the fourth was artificial intelligence to exert digital productivity. However, artificial intelligence alone is not enough, so the fifth industrial revolution is artificial intelligence + humanities + environment, that is, the EU’s industry 5.0, which is further proposed on the basis of German Industry 4.0.

Li Peigen, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering: Data is the basis of intelligent manufacturing, and enterprises need to be data-driven

In enterprise digitization and intelligent manufacturing, data is the foundation and the “blood”. Data is the foundation and key of the industrial Internet, and enterprises need to be data-driven. Data can not only help optimize the operation of equipment, but also drive product innovation, drive equipment procurement, and help enterprises make strategic investment decisions. Ultimately, “everything” in an enterprise needs to be data-driven.

1. Data drives “everything” of the enterprise

“Software defines the world and data drives the future.” Data is a key production factor driving smart manufacturing. Specifically, first data can assist in customized production. Taking BASF, the chemical giant that produces highly “customized” shampoos and liquid soaps, as an example, Lee said that each plastic bottle at BASF is filled, capped and packaged on a conveyor belt in turn, and each product label has a chip that records different data to fill different colors and ingredients of soap liquid, and commands the proportion and packaging method. “If the data can’t do it in time, mass production is not possible.”

Secondly, the optimal operation of many equipment in the manufacturing industry also needs to be data-driven. Li Peigen said that in the case of wind power, some sensors will be installed on the fan to collect factory data, such as wind, wind direction and other environmental data. After collecting the data, it will have a digital twin model for simulation, according to the simulation results to control the pitch Angle of the blade, so as to improve the power generation efficiency.

Not only that, but data can drive product innovation. A Ford laboratory has collected data from about 4 million vehicles equipped with on-board sensing devices, and through the analysis of the data, engineers understand how drivers feel when driving the car, changes in the external environment and the environmental performance of the car, thereby improving vehicle handling, exhaust quality and energy efficiency. In response to the noise problem inside the car, Ford also changed the position of the speakers to minimize noise. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

At the same time, data can also drive manufacturing companies to purchase related equipment. A machine has procurement costs and maintenance costs under the water surface, if there are high-frequency anomalies, such as a day of downtime, then the direct loss is huge. Through the maintenance data of the equipment, the utilization rate of the equipment can be analyzed, and the supply chain can be directly connected to make decisions for the equipment purchase.

“Even strategic investments [by companies] depend on data.” Li Peigen said that DeepKnowledge Ventures (DKV), a venture capital firm in Hong Kong, hired “VITAL” as a director five years ago.

“Wattou” is not a person, but a digital intelligence system. Why make it a director? Just because it has a lot of data.” According to Li Peigen, Vatou can analyze, judge, and decide trends that cannot be observed by human analysts in milliseconds, and can do “logical analysis of massive information” that people can’t “intuitively” to ensure that investment decisions are correct. Therefore, “all processes” in the enterprise, including design, production, management processes, etc., “all goals” and “everything” need to be data-driven. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

2. Same frequency of data, the key to profit improvement

Although the importance of data is becoming increasingly prominent, it is not easy to play the value of data in the actual operation of manufacturing enterprises. For large manufacturing companies, the “information chimneys” created by a thicket of business systems make it difficult for data to generate value as it flows, says Mr Lee. For small and medium-sized manufacturers, there is a lack of available solutions that allow enterprises to accurately grasp business data in real time in a changing market environment. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

The same frequency of data and the integration of data are the key to reducing costs and increasing efficiency in manufacturing. Specifically, this requires data fusion between multiple domains, multiple departments, and different subsystems. At present, most enterprises have not achieved the true integration of financial information and business information, and the data of financial department and business department are independent. It is easy to cause the financial department to ignore the business aspect when considering the cost issue. But in reality, every aspect of business is about cost. Therefore, the financial department also needs to be data-driven, and it needs to mine non-financial information, such as business information and market information.

GUI Weihua, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering: Intelligent manufacturing is an important means to achieve intelligent non-ferrous industry

The essence of the industrial Internet is to achieve industrial intelligence. China is a manufacturing country, but also the Internet country, based on these two advantages, integration of industry 4.0 and industrial Internet, put forward with Chinese characteristics of intelligent manufacturing, including the connotation of intelligent manufacturing and how to build and other issues.

Non-ferrous metal industry is an important part of process industry. Since the reform and opening up, China’s non-ferrous metal industry has experienced stages such as technology introduction, digestion and absorption, and production innovation, and the production level has been greatly improved, among which information and automation have played an important role. With the development of industrial Internet, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other information technologies, intelligent manufacturing has become the theme of manufacturing development. Intelligent manufacturing is the fundamental way for China to transform from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing power, which will make the process of non-ferrous metal production in China from local extensive to the refined development of the whole system, and achieve green and efficient development. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

In fact, the connotation of intelligent manufacturing is the organic deep integration, convergence and development of a new generation of information technology and manufacturing. Its core is intelligence, the deep integration of artificial intelligence and physical systems, the full integration of industrial mechanism, industrial data, artificial experience analysis methods, to support enterprises to achieve business objectives. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

GUI Weihua said that it is necessary to vigorously promote the application of cutting-edge technologies such as industrial Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and 5G in intelligent manufacturing in the non-ferrous industry, and promote the green and efficient development of the non-ferrous industry. Based on the characteristics of China’s non-ferrous metal industry, based on the industrial Internet platform, the use of cloud, edge, end three-layer architecture to support intelligent services, intelligent production and management, collaborative innovation and other intelligent applications.

At present, the main process equipment of non-ferrous metal and other process industries in China is at the world advanced level, the overall integration of automation and information is high, and the first to realize intelligent manufacturing. However, the sustainable development of the non-ferrous metal industry also needs to solve problems such as the increasing pressure on environmental protection and the sharp rise in labor costs. “How to promote the deep integration of a new generation of information technology with the non-ferrous metal industry and help the transformation and upgrading of the non-ferrous metal industry is a new topic of intelligent manufacturing in the non-ferrous metal industry.”

In the future, we should focus on the following issues: First, accurate perception is the basis of non-ferrous industry intelligence, and we should solve the intelligent perception problem in the complex production environment of the non-ferrous metal industry. Second, to solve business problems as the goal, to promote the development of industrial software in the non-ferrous metal industry. Third, knowledge automation enables the non-ferrous metal industry to achieve innovative decision-making, and to solve the problem of knowledge automation, including the acquisition, learning and application of industrial knowledge, and the promotion of empirical knowledge. Fourth, in the intelligent manufacturing and industrial Internet environment, change the non-ferrous metal industry enterprise management model, including the production process management model and business service model, and make new breakthroughs with new models. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

Qian Feng, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering: Digital transformation helps the high-quality development of manufacturing industry

China is a manufacturing power, but is not yet a manufacturing power, from big to strong, we are poor what core technology? First, high new industrial software, manufacturing is linked to digitalization, software is indispensable, and more than 80% of high-end industrial software is still subject to others; The second is the efficient use of oil, iron ore and other resources; In addition, there are high-end industry innovations such as integrated circuits and chips.

Academician Qian Feng believes that the manufacturing industry is divided into two categories, one is process manufacturing, one is discrete manufacturing, many Chinese enterprise processes are similar to foreign countries, are very advanced, but there is a gap between discrete equipment and foreign equipment, our production efficiency and other problems are still more prominent, compared with the advanced level of foreign countries there is a gap. To maintain rapid growth in the manufacturing industry, it is necessary to integrate a new round of scientific and technological revolution, artificial intelligence, big data, and industrial Internet, and to achieve high-quality development through digital transformation.

Unmanned chemical plant does not mean digital transformation success! Unmanned chemical plants can only represent a high degree of automation, but can not represent the maximum value chain. We achieve the transformation of production, management and marketing models through intelligence, and transform the traditional management methods, production methods, production models and marketing methods to achieve profit maximization and achieve goals. Products should be high quality and high-end, green and low carbonization, that is the success of the transformation.

For the goal of digital transformation, Academician Qian Feng put forward three suggestions: First, the industrial chain and supply chain should be stable to realize the modernization, security and stability of the supply chain; Second, the relationship between the cost of production resources such as products and raw materials should be fully digitized and fully intelligent. Third, to maximize the value chain through digitalization, this value chain is not only the value of the product, but more importantly, the value of the entire industrial chain, including social value, ecological security, clean environmental protection and so on. If a factory, an industry to these three chains by innovation chain synergy, it will certainly have great room for development in the future. CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）

本文由CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）转载而成，来源于 广东省数字经济研究院；编辑/翻译：CXO UNIONCXO联盟小U。

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