【CXO观点】中国石油程晓春：“局外人”CIO的管理之道

　

17000余所加油站管理平台；遍布全国的150万名员工管理；从最初的油田开发、管道建设，发展到如今产销链条相融合，项目管理，员工管理都达世界之最。中国石油规划总院计算机信息中心，见证了整个集团信息化发展历程。从海拔5000米的雪域高原，到零下40多度的北方寒地；从借鉴国外经验，到经过“10年抗战”后，项目应用方案成世界之最。中国石油加油站管理系统成功实施，不仅成为业界学习的典范，也让世界石油界感到惊讶。

一、打造集中管理的信息化平台

早期，中国石油集团业务主要集中在上游产业链条，如油田开发，管道建设等。集团的信息化建设也是围绕此展开。之后，随着集团业务从上游产业链条与下游产业链条相融合，业务链迅速延伸。从勘探生产、炼油化工、管道运输、装备制造，到如今产品销售，客户端管理等。

随着集团业务链迅速延伸，上下游产业链融合，业务的激增给集团公司信息化建设中心带来巨大挑战。“在中国石油的信息化建设之初，集团公司就采取了数据大集中、大管理的发展模式。起步迟，我们必须充分发挥后发优势，打造符合国际能源公司业务发展的信息化平台。”从中国石油规划总院计算机信息中心主任程晓春这番描述中，我们可以窥见中国石油集团信息化布局之道。cxounion.cn

中国石油规划总院作为为中国石油发展规划提供战略决策咨询和支持的直属部门，其计算机信息中心直接参与了集团信息化布局和建设的整个过程。从最初的规划总院硬件和技术支持的角色定位到集团信息化建设的直接参与者和见证者，程晓春详细解读了中国石油的信息化发展历程。

从2000年开始，中国石油集团组织开展了大规模的信息系统建设。“十五”期间，集团信息化建设主要集中在对基础设施的建设和前期研究。包括应用系统的前期研究和信息技术规划。“十一五”期间陆续完成了包括管道生产管理系统、炼化生产管理系统、ERP系统、加油站管理系统等应用系统建设。说到中国石油应用系统中最具特色的，非加油站管理系统莫属。

加油站管理系统是中国石油面向终端用户的系统，采用了IFSF的通用国际标准，直接控制并管理了下游17000余座加油站。控制规模如此庞大的集中式信息系统在国际上也开创了先河。程晓春介绍说，集中化的架构设计能使其应用包括数据统计精确到每条加油枪及便利店的每笔交易，为实现企业的精细化管理，提升企业对市场的快速化反应能力，提供了广阔的空间。通过总部的总体控制，避免了很多潜在的管理问题，并且通过具体到各个加油站及时的信息反馈，为总部的决策提供了第一手资料。在实现业务的连续性和管理的可控性上，这套系统都提供了很高的自由度和空间，直接保障了数据的唯一性、准确性和及时性并实现了数据的集中管理。

“与其他内部的管理系统相比，加油站管理系统也面向中国石油客户群体。加油站管理系统是中国石油对外的窗口，它的形象直接影响到中国石油在大众心目中的形象，这就要求我们的运维非常独特。”程晓春说。cxounion.cn

的确如此，“点多面广”的现实，给系统运维带来不少难题。“这样一套系统有些应用在海报5000米的雪域高原，有些应用在繁华的都市中心。地理位置不同，人员素质参差不齐给系统运维工作带来不少难题。”程晓春表示。建立一套适合中国石油加油站管理业务需求的统一的运维平台，目前国内外都十分罕见，这也给我们留下了创新空间。

中国惠普软件及解决方案部技术总监于志伟认为，企业IT运维的终极目标是确保业务连续性。设计一个统一运维的平台必须要重视两点：第一，要对系统实现统一的监控，了解导致业务系统问题的故障根源；第二，自动化是一个前提，在运维工作中要尽量较少人为环节，避免非规范性的个人操作行为。 中国石油加油站管理系统可以说是一个典范。

程晓春还说，按照IT运维的通常做法，运维事件是要按优先级进行处理，但实际上在我们加油站层面报上来的，为确保业务的连贯性，都要求我们在很短时间内必须处理掉，我们也曾经出过一些问题，比如由于一些网络出问题，尤其是在加油高峰期会出现堵站，由此造成的纠纷非常麻烦，所以就要求我们的运维能够非常及时地解决问题。

通过近10年的信息化布局，中国石油打造了以集中管理为特点的信息化平台。在回顾参与集团信息化建设从“十五”历经“十一五”主要工作的同时，程晓春主任也对“十二五”提出了展望，强调信息化建设将主要在如何加强业务的深化应用，最大限度发挥系统功能以及建设和完善配套系统，按业务管理需求集成各信息系统，真正做到数据、业务与管理的有机集成，建立贯穿业务管理全过程统一的信息化支持平台，着重解决平台搭建之后的应用于集成问题。

在谈到中国石油信息化建设的过程时，程晓春主任认为具有“起点高、后发优势”的特点。按照这两点的要求，信息系统从架构到实施经过了反复论证，集团公司信息化建设制定“六统一”的信息系统建立原则，及一系列方针政策，按照集中统一的思路实施和搭建信息化平台。在当时网络设备及技术等条件有限的情况下，这种集中统一的系统建设模式和策略面临着通讯网络稳定性等诸多潜在风险。但在今天看来，这一规划思路还是体现了其良好的前瞻性和适应性，很好地满足了信息化支撑企业业务发展的需求。从另外一个角度看，集中式的信息化系统布局也为企业进一步优化业务管理流程，明晰职责，及今后精细化管理提供了技术支持。cxounion.cn

二、程晓春：“局外人”CIO的信息化布局与管理之道cxounion.cn

作为集团信息化建设的决策支持者和规划总院IT掌门人，程晓春主任坦言自己并非计算机专业出身。然而这样的背景反而带给他一种关于企业信息化建设的独特理念。“我经常对中心里的年轻人讲，做IT眼光不要只局限在技术层面，应该让自己站在另一个角度，用业务的眼光看待技术问题。”程晓春对年轻IT从业者的希望和关爱在中心诸多项目中也能得到验证。程晓春经常给年轻人提供单独负责项目的机会，甚至特意安排他们下到基层去锻炼，通过在系统应用第一线了解业务的需求，了解技术与业务应用的结合点。

“从象牙塔里刚出来的年轻人，所学与实际应用存在一定差距。年轻人多下基层，在实践中能快速帮助他们了解技术与业务应用的结合点。这对他们以后的成长很有帮助。”程晓春说。

目前，中国石油规划总院计算机信息中心技术团队达500人之多。在位于海淀区学清路金码大厦16层的办公楼里，记者看见500多人的团队，工作井然有序。采访过程中不停有项目负责人前来打断程晓春，向其请示项目有关情况，程晓春对每一个项目也是熟记于心。

现代企业区别于传统企业的本质所在，就是将现代IT技术不断融入传统业务，不断提升自身的信息化管控能力，实现两化融合。IT应用已经成为一个现代化企业必备的手段和工具，起到直接支持业务管理和操作的作用，企业所有的管理和应用都将借助于平台而实现。这些要求都离不开一个真正有效和可靠的系统。cxounion.cn

一切满足于实现业务流程的可控性和服务于操作管理，这样就对IT人员和企业信息化的决策者提出了要求，业务与IT的结合成为了企业信息化的主导趋势。除了基础设施和整体系统架构等专业性的方面之外，IT人员还必须了解业务需求，使业务需求与IT需求相结合。这对于企业信息化建设的参与者来说，可以说是一种复合型的知识需求。程晓春主任也提到了在引进人才方面信息中心所一贯秉承的多元化策略，从管理、业务相关的专业人才到专门的IT技术人员，从多个角度来审视企业的信息化布局，才能确保结论的正确性。

企业信息化与业务的结合，为应用研究提供了广阔的舞台。在这个过程中，信息化已经脱离了作为单纯技术手段的角色定位。对于中国石油这样的企业来说，最显著的特点就是转向生产及业务支持的方向。企业信息系统的参与者必须具有“局外人”的眼光，而不是以纯技术化的视角看待问题。

在谈到作为企业信息主管的角色定位时，程晓春主任认为看待企业信息化的眼光与认清自身所处的位置十分重要。以纯IT的眼光看待可能会给企业应用的支持与实施带来一些问题。与此同时，在把握企业信息化系统的方向上，又必须有高度和前瞻性。要能够预见到企业未来相当长时间内的业务走向和面貌，系统设计才能跟得上需求。与此同时，信息系统项目的建立还是一个不断沟通的过程，需要站在IT和业务的角度不断的转化思路看问题，沟通和协调各方面的关系。

不断站在业务的角度看企业信息化建设，从“局外人”的角度让企业业务与IT应用相结合，做好把关者和掌门人。这是程晓春的信息化布局与管理之道，也为其它企业信息系统布局与管理，提供了新的思路和借鉴意义。cxounion.cn

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翻译：

Management platform of more than 17,000 gas stations; Management of 1.5 million employees across the country. From the initial oilfield development and pipeline construction, to the integration of production and marketing chain. Project management and staff management have reached the top in the world. The Computer Information Center of China Petroleum Planning General Institute has witnessed the informatization development of the whole group. From a snow-covered plateau 5,000 meters above sea level to a cold northern region of over 40 degrees below zero. From learning from foreign experience. After the “10-year War of Resistance”, the project application program has become the most in the world. The successful implementation of petrochina gas station management system has not only become a model for the industry to learn. But also surprised the world oil industry.cxounion.cn

Build an information platform for centralized management

In the early stage, the business of China National Petroleum Group mainly focused on the upstream industrial chain, such as oilfield development, pipeline construction and so on. The information construction of the group is also centered on this. Later, with the integration of the Group’s business from the upstream industrial chain to the downstream industrial chain. The business chain rapidly extended. From exploration and production, refining and chemical industry, pipeline transportation, equipment manufacturing, to the present product sales, client management, etc.

With the rapid extension of the group’s business chain and the integration of the upstream and downstream industrial chain. The surge of business has brought great challenges to the group’s informatization construction center. “At the beginning of the information construction of petrochina. The group company has adopted the development mode of large data centralization and large management. Starting late, we must give full play to the advantage of late mover and build an information platform in line with the business development of international energy companies.” From the description of Cheng Xiaochun. Director of Computer Information Center of China Petroleum Planning General Institute. We can glimpse the way of information layout of China Petroleum Group.cxounion.cn

provides strategic decision-making consultation

As a direct department that provides strategic decision-making consultation and support for petrochina’s development planning. The computer information center of petrochina General Planning Institute directly participates in the whole process of group informatization layout and construction. From the initial role positioning of hardware and technical support of the General planning Institute to the direct participant. And witness of the informatization construction of the group, Xiaochun Cheng explained the informatization development process of petrochina in detail.

Since 2000, China National Petroleum Corporation has organized large-scale information system construction. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the informatization construction of the Group mainly focused on the construction of infrastructure and preliminary research. Including application system preliminary research and information technology planning. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the construction of application systems including pipeline production management system, refining and chemical production management system. ERP system and gas station management system has been completed successively. When it comes to the most distinctive application system of petrochina, it is not the gas station management system.

The gas station management system is an end-user oriented system of petrochina

The gas station management system is an end-user oriented system of petrochina. It adopts the IFSF general international standard and directly controls and manages more than 17,000 gas stations downstream. Controlling a centralized information system on such a large scale is also an international precedent.

Cheng Xiaochun introduced that the centralized architecture design can make its application including data statistics accurate to every fuel gun and every transaction in the convenience store, which provides a broad space for the realization of the fine management of enterprises and the improvement of enterprises’ rapid response ability to the market. Through the overall control of the headquarters. Many potential management problems have been avoided. And timely information feedback specific to each gas station has provided first-hand information for the decision-making of the headquarters. This system provides a high degree of freedom and space in the continuity of business and the controllability of management. Which directly guarantees the uniqueness, accuracy and timeliness of data and realizes the centralized management of data.

“Compared with other internal management systems, the gas station management system also caters to the Chinese oil customer group. Gas station management system is the window of petrochina. And its image directly affects the image of petrochina in the eyes of the public, which requires our operation and maintenance to be very unique.” “Said Cheng Xiaochun.cxounion.cn

the reality of “multiple points and a wide range” brings many difficulties

Indeed, the reality of “multiple points and a wide range” brings many difficulties to the operation and maintenance of the system. “Some of these systems are used in the snow plateau of 5,000 meters. And some are used in bustling urban centers. Different geographical locations and uneven personnel quality bring many problems to the operation and maintenance of the system.” Cheng Xiaochun said. At present, it is very rare to establish a unified operation. And maintenance platform suitable for the management business needs of China’s petroleum gas stations at home and abroad, which also leaves room for us to innovate.

According to Yu Zhiwei, technical director of Software and Solutions Department of HP China. The ultimate goal of enterprise IT operation and maintenance is to ensure business continuity. The design of a unified operation and maintenance platform must pay attention to two points. First, to achieve unified monitoring of the system, understand the root cause of business system problems. Second, automation is a premise. In the operation and maintenance work to try to reduce the number of human links, avoid non-normative personal operation behavior. China Petroleum gas station management system can be said to be a model.

the usual practice of IT operation and maintenance

Cheng Xiaochun also said that according to the usual practice of IT operation and maintenance, operation and maintenance events should be handled according to the priority, but actually reported at the level of our gas station. In order to ensure the continuity of business, we have to deal with it in a very short time, we have also had some problems, such as some network problems, especially during the peak of refueling station blocking. The resulting disputes are very troublesome, so we require our operation and maintenance to solve the problems in a timely manner.

Through nearly 10 years of information layout, petrochina has built an information platform characterized by centralized management. While reviewing the main work of Group informatization construction from the “tenth Five-Year Plan” to the “eleventh Five-Year Plan”. Director Cheng Xiaochun also put forward the outlook for the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”. Emphasizing that informatization construction will mainly focus on how to strengthen the deepening application of business. Maximize the function of the system, build and improve supporting systems, and integrate various information systems according to the needs of business management. Truly realize the organic integration of data. Business and management, establish a unified information support platform throughout the whole process of business management. And focus on solving the problem of application in integration after platform construction.

it has the characteristics of “high starting point and advantage of late development”

When talking about the process of petroleum informatization construction in China, Director Cheng Xiaochun thinks it has the characteristics of “high starting point and advantage of late development”. According to the requirements of these two points. The information system has been repeatedly demonstrated from the structure to the implementation.

The information construction of the Group company has formulated “six unified” principles for the establishment of the information system. And a series of policies, and implemented and built the information platform according to the centralized and unified ideas. Under the condition of limited network equipment and technology. Such centralized and unified system construction mode and strategy faced with many potential risks such as communication network stability. However, in today’s view, this planning idea still reflects its good foresight and adaptability, well meet the needs of information support enterprise business development. From another point of view, the centralized information system layout also provides technical support for enterprises to further optimize the business management process, clarify responsibilities, and fine management in the future.

Cheng Xiaochun: “outsider” CIO information layout and management way

As a decision supporter of information construction of the Group and the IT manager of the General Planning Institute, Director Cheng Xiaochun admitted that he was not a computer major. However, this background brought him a unique idea about enterprise informatization construction. “I always tell the young people in the center, don’t just focus on the technical side of IT, you should put yourself in another perspective and look at it from a business perspective.” Cheng Xiaochun’s hope and love for young IT practitioners can also be verified in the center’s many projects. Cheng Xiaochun often provides young people with the opportunity to take charge of projects alone, and even arranges them to go to the grassroots level for training. Through the first line of system application, they can understand the needs of the business and understand the combination of technology and business application.cxounion.cn

“Young people coming out of the ivory tower, there is a gap between what they learn and what they actually apply. Young people are more involved in the grassroots, which can quickly help them understand the intersection of technology and business applications in practice. It will help them grow up later.” “Said Cheng Xiaochun.

the reporter saw a team of more than 500 people, working in an orderly manner

At present, China Petroleum Planning General Institute computer information Center technical team up to 500 people. Located in the 16 – floor office building of Xueqing Road, Haidian District, the reporter saw a team of more than 500 people, working in an orderly manner. During the interview, project leaders interrupted Cheng Xiaochun and asked for instructions about the project. Cheng Xiaochun knew every project by heart.

The essential difference between modern enterprises and traditional enterprises lies in the continuous integration of modern IT technology into traditional business, continuous improvement of their own information management and control ability, and the integration of the two. IT application has become a modern enterprise essential means and tools, play a direct role in supporting business management and operation, all enterprise management and application will be realized with the help of the platform. These requirements require a truly effective and reliable system.

Everything is satisfied with the realization of business process controllability and service in operation management

Everything is satisfied with the realization of business process controllability and service in operation management, so IT personnel and enterprise informatization decision makers put forward requirements, the combination of business and IT has become the dominant trend of enterprise informatization. In addition to specialized aspects such as infrastructure and overall system architecture, IT personnel must also understand business requirements and align business requirements with IT requirements. It can be said that this is a compound knowledge demand for the participants of enterprise informatization construction. Director Cheng Xiaochun also mentioned that in the introduction of talents, the information Center has always been adhering to the diversification strategy, from management, business related professionals to specialized IT technical personnel, from a variety of angles to examine the layout of enterprise informatization, to ensure the correctness of the conclusion.

The combination of enterprise informatization and business provides a broad stage for application research. In this process, informatization has been separated from its role as a simple technical means. For a company like petrochina, the most striking feature is the shift towards production and business support. Participants in enterprise information systems must have an “outsider” perspective, rather than a purely technical perspective.

it is very important to look at the vision of enterprise informatization

When talking about the role positioning as an enterprise information supervisor, Director Cheng Xiaochun thinks that it is very important to look at the vision of enterprise informatization and recognize their own position. Taking a pure IT view can cause problems with enterprise application support and implementation. At the same time, in grasping the direction of enterprise information system, we must have a high degree and forward-looking. To be able to foresee the business direction and appearance of the enterprise for a long time in the future, the system design can keep up with the requirements. At the same time, the establishment of an information system project is still a process of constant communication, which requires constant transformation of ideas from the perspective of IT and business, communication and coordination of all aspects of the relationship.cxounion.cn

Constantly look at enterprise informatization construction from the perspective of business, combine enterprise business with IT application from the perspective of “outsiders”, and do a good job of gatekeeper and leader. This is Cheng Xiaochun’s way of information layout and management, but also for other enterprise information system layout and management, provides a new idea and reference significance.

本文由CXO UNION-CXO联盟（cxounion.cn）转载而成，来源于中国信息主管网；编辑/翻译：CXO UNIONCXO联盟小C。

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